to publish one

testor, ātus, 1, v. a. [1. testis].

To be a witness, speak as witness, to bear witness, give evidence, depose, testify, attest any thing.

Lit. (very rare, and not in Cic.; cf.

testificor): confiteor: testere licet: signate Quirites,

thou canst attest it, Ov. P. 4, 15, 11:

quasi inclamaret aut testaretur locutus est,

Quint. 11, 3, 172.—

Transf., in gen., to make known, show, prove, demonstrate; to give to understand, to declare, aver, assert, bear witness to, etc. (class and very freq.):

ego quod facio, me pacis, otii, etc.... causā facere, clamo atque testor,

Cic. Mur. 37, 78:

auctoritatem hujus indicii monumentis publicis,

id. Sull. 14, 41:

nunc illa testabor, non me sortilegos... agnoscere,

id. Div. 1, 58, 132:

testatur isto audiente, se pro communi necessitudine id primum petere,

id. Quint. 21, 66:

clarissimā voce se nomen Oppianici... delaturum esse testatur,

id. Clu. 8, 23:

ea quae accidere testatus antea,

Sall. H. 4, 61, 10 Dietsch:

testatus, quae praestitisset civibus eorum, etc.,

Liv. 25, 10, 8:

vectigal testandi causā publicum agrum esse imponere,

id. 31, 13, 7:

assiduoque suos gemitu testata dolores,

Ov. M. 2, 486:

quod Cicero pluribus et libris et epistulis testatur,

Quint. 12, 2, 6:

utraeque (venae et arteriae) vim quandam incredibilem artificiosi operis divinique testantur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138:

sunt Agamemnonias testantia litora curas,

Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 21:

ut pura testantur sidera caelo,

Tib. 4, 1, 10:

verba nos testantia gratos,

Ov. M. 14, 307:

carmina raros testantia mores,

id. P. 1, 9, 43:

campus sepulcris proelia testatur,

Hor. C. 2, 1, 31:

numerus autem (saepe enim hoc testandum est) est non modo non poëtice junctus, verum etiam, etc.,

Cic. Or. 68, 227; Quint. prooem. § 26; 11, 1, 5.—

In partic., to publish one ' s last will or testament, to make a will, provide by will for any thing, Cic. Inv. 2, 21, 62:

cum ignorans nurum ventrem ferre, immemor in testando nepotis decessisset,

Liv. 1, 34, 3:

quis dubitaret, quin ea voluntas fuisset testantis, ut is non nato filio heres esset,

Quint. 7, 6, 10:

si exheredatum a se filium pater testatus fuerit elogio,

id. 7, 4, 20:

primipilari seni jam testato,

id. 6, 3, 92:

intestati appellantur, qui cum possent testamentum facere, testati non sunt,

Dig. 38, 16, 1; 29, 1, 19 pr.;

49, 14, 45 pr.: nomen testatas intulit in tabulas,

i. e. into his will, Cat. 68, 122.—

To call upon or invoke a person or thing as witness (likewise class.):

Venus Cyrenensis, testem te testor mihi,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 51:

vos, di patrii ac penates, testor, me defendere, etc.,

Cic. Sull. 31, 86:

C. Marii et ceterorum virorum mentis testor, me pro illorum famā propugnandum putare, etc.,

id. Rab. Perd. 10, 30: omnes deos, with an obj.-clause, id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 2:

ego omnes homines deosque testor,

id. Caecin. 29, 83:

deos immortales,

id. Clu. 68, 194:

me potissimum testatus est, se aemulum mearum laudum exstitisse,

id. Phil. 2, 12, 28 stuprata per vim Lucretia a regis filio, testata cives, se ipsa interemit, id. Fin. 2, 20, 66:

implorarem sensus vestros, uniuscujusque indulgentiam in suos testarer, etc.,

id. Sull. 23, 64:

consulibus deos hominesque testantibus,

Liv. 4, 53, 5:

Jovem et laesi foederis aras,

Verg. A. 12, 496:

vos, aeterni ignes, et non violabile vestrum testor numen,

id. ib. 2, 155:

Theseus infernis, superis testatur Achilles, Hic Ixioniden, ille Menoetiaden,

Prop. 2, 1, 37:

volnera testor,

Ov. F. 4, 885:

id testor deos, Ter Hec. 3, 5, 26: hoc vos, judices, testor,

Cic. Sull. 12, 35.

Act. collat. form testo, āre, acc. to Prisc. p. 797 P.—

Pass. (acc. to I. B.), Cic. Fl. 11, 26:

cum aliorum monumentis tum Catonis oratione testatum est,

shown, proved, attested, Quint. 2, 15, 8; 2, 17, 2; 8, prooem. § 20.—Hence, P. a. in pass. force: testātus, a, um, public, manifest, published (class.):

ut res quam maxime clara ac testata esse posset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187; 2. 2, 42, § 104;

1, 16, 48: haec testata sunt atque inlustria,

id. Fam. 11, 27, 6:

ut testatum esse velim, de pace quid senserim,

id. Att. 8, 9, 1:

nihil religione testatum,

id. Fl. 11, 26.— Comp.:

ut res multorum oculis esset testatior,

Cic. Cael. 27, 64: quo notior testatiorque virtus ejus esset, Hirt. B. G. 8, 42:

quo testatior esset poena improborum,

id. ib. 8, 44; Nep. Alcib. 4, 5.— Sup.:

testatissima miracula,

Aug. Conf. 8, 6.—Hence, adv.: testātō, before witnesses:

jussum accipiendum est, sive testato quis, sive verbis, aut per nuntium, jusserit,

Dig. 15, 4, 1; cf. ib. 18, 6, 1; 45, 1, 122; App. Mag. p. 324, 11.—

As is well known or evident, Plin. 8, 36, 54, § 130.—

After making a will, testate:

sive testato, sive intestato, decesserint,

Dig. 49, 14, 45.

testor, ātus, 1, v. a. [1. testis].

To be a witness, speak as witness, to bear witness, give evidence, depose, testify, attest any thing.

Lit. (very rare, and not in Cic.; cf.

testificor): confiteor: testere licet: signate Quirites,

thou canst attest it, Ov. P. 4, 15, 11:

quasi inclamaret aut testaretur locutus est,

Quint. 11, 3, 172.—

Transf., in gen., to make known, show, prove, demonstrate; to give to understand, to declare, aver, assert, bear witness to, etc. (class and very freq.):

ego quod facio, me pacis, otii, etc.... causā facere, clamo atque testor,

Cic. Mur. 37, 78:

auctoritatem hujus indicii monumentis publicis,

id. Sull. 14, 41:

nunc illa testabor, non me sortilegos... agnoscere,

id. Div. 1, 58, 132:

testatur isto audiente, se pro communi necessitudine id primum petere,

id. Quint. 21, 66:

clarissimā voce se nomen Oppianici... delaturum esse testatur,

id. Clu. 8, 23:

ea quae accidere testatus antea,

Sall. H. 4, 61, 10 Dietsch:

testatus, quae praestitisset civibus eorum, etc.,

Liv. 25, 10, 8:

vectigal testandi causā publicum agrum esse imponere,

id. 31, 13, 7:

assiduoque suos gemitu testata dolores,

Ov. M. 2, 486:

quod Cicero pluribus et libris et epistulis testatur,

Quint. 12, 2, 6:

utraeque (venae et arteriae) vim quandam incredibilem artificiosi operis divinique testantur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138:

sunt Agamemnonias testantia litora curas,

Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 21:

ut pura testantur sidera caelo,

Tib. 4, 1, 10:

verba nos testantia gratos,

Ov. M. 14, 307:

carmina raros testantia mores,

id. P. 1, 9, 43:

campus sepulcris proelia testatur,

Hor. C. 2, 1, 31:

numerus autem (saepe enim hoc testandum est) est non modo non poëtice junctus, verum etiam, etc.,

Cic. Or. 68, 227; Quint. prooem. § 26; 11, 1, 5.—

In partic., to publish one ' s last will or testament, to make a will, provide by will for any thing, Cic. Inv. 2, 21, 62:

cum ignorans nurum ventrem ferre, immemor in testando nepotis decessisset,

Liv. 1, 34, 3:

quis dubitaret, quin ea voluntas fuisset testantis, ut is non nato filio heres esset,

Quint. 7, 6, 10:

si exheredatum a se filium pater testatus fuerit elogio,

id. 7, 4, 20:

primipilari seni jam testato,

id. 6, 3, 92:

intestati appellantur, qui cum possent testamentum facere, testati non sunt,

Dig. 38, 16, 1; 29, 1, 19 pr.;

49, 14, 45 pr.: nomen testatas intulit in tabulas,

i. e. into his will, Cat. 68, 122.—

To call upon or invoke a person or thing as witness (likewise class.):

Venus Cyrenensis, testem te testor mihi,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 51:

vos, di patrii ac penates, testor, me defendere, etc.,

Cic. Sull. 31, 86:

C. Marii et ceterorum virorum mentis testor, me pro illorum famā propugnandum putare, etc.,

id. Rab. Perd. 10, 30: omnes deos, with an obj.-clause, id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 2:

ego omnes homines deosque testor,

id. Caecin. 29, 83:

deos immortales,

id. Clu. 68, 194:

me potissimum testatus est, se aemulum mearum laudum exstitisse,

id. Phil. 2, 12, 28 stuprata per vim Lucretia a regis filio, testata cives, se ipsa interemit, id. Fin. 2, 20, 66:

implorarem sensus vestros, uniuscujusque indulgentiam in suos testarer, etc.,

id. Sull. 23, 64:

consulibus deos hominesque testantibus,

Liv. 4, 53, 5:

Jovem et laesi foederis aras,

Verg. A. 12, 496:

vos, aeterni ignes, et non violabile vestrum testor numen,

id. ib. 2, 155:

Theseus infernis, superis testatur Achilles, Hic Ixioniden, ille Menoetiaden,

Prop. 2, 1, 37:

volnera testor,

Ov. F. 4, 885:

id testor deos, Ter Hec. 3, 5, 26: hoc vos, judices, testor,

Cic. Sull. 12, 35.

Act. collat. form testo, āre, acc. to Prisc. p. 797 P.—

Pass. (acc. to I. B.), Cic. Fl. 11, 26:

cum aliorum monumentis tum Catonis oratione testatum est,

shown, proved, attested, Quint. 2, 15, 8; 2, 17, 2; 8, prooem. § 20.—Hence, P. a. in pass. force: testātus, a, um, public, manifest, published (class.):

ut res quam maxime clara ac testata esse posset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187; 2. 2, 42, § 104;

1, 16, 48: haec testata sunt atque inlustria,

id. Fam. 11, 27, 6:

ut testatum esse velim, de pace quid senserim,

id. Att. 8, 9, 1:

nihil religione testatum,

id. Fl. 11, 26.— Comp.:

ut res multorum oculis esset testatior,

Cic. Cael. 27, 64: quo notior testatiorque virtus ejus esset, Hirt. B. G. 8, 42:

quo testatior esset poena improborum,

id. ib. 8, 44; Nep. Alcib. 4, 5.— Sup.:

testatissima miracula,

Aug. Conf. 8, 6.—Hence, adv.: testātō, before witnesses:

jussum accipiendum est, sive testato quis, sive verbis, aut per nuntium, jusserit,

Dig. 15, 4, 1; cf. ib. 18, 6, 1; 45, 1, 122; App. Mag. p. 324, 11.—

As is well known or evident, Plin. 8, 36, 54, § 130.—

After making a will, testate:

sive testato, sive intestato, decesserint,

Dig. 49, 14, 45.

vulgō ( volg-), adv., v. vulgus fin.

vulgo ( volg-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [vulgus], to spread among the multitude; to make general, common, or universal; to put forth to the world, publish (cf. publico).

In gen.:

morbos,

Liv. 3, 6, 3:

contagium in alios,

Curt. 9, 10, 1:

rem,

i. e. to let all share in, Liv. 2, 29, 7:

librum,

to publish, Quint. 1, prooem. § 7; Suet. Gram. 8.—

Mid.: vulgari cum privatis,

i. e. to confound one's self with, put one's self on a level with, Liv. 3, 35, 6.—

In partic.

To make known to all by words, to spread abroad, publish, divulge (cf. promulgo): jurgare coepit dicens, quae facis atque in vulgus vulgat, Varr. ap. Non. p. 230, 31:

vulgare aliquem vulgo,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 44:

non quod ego vulgari facinus per omnes velim,

Liv. 28, 27, 10:

vulgatur rumor duas deesse tabulas,

id. 3, 34, 7:

dolorem verbis,

Verg. A. 10, 64:

haec atque talia vulgantibus,

Tac. A. 13, 7.—

In mal. part., to make common, mingle, confound, to prostitute:

ut ferarum prope ritu vulgentur concubitus plebis patrumque,

Liv. 4, 2, 6:

vulgato corpore,

id. 1, 4, 7:

pretio corpus,

Aur. Vict. Orig. Gent. Rom. 21.—

To name, call ( poet.):

bosporon hinc veteres errantis nomine divae Vulgavere,

Val. Fl. 4, 420.—Hence, vulgātus ( volg-), a, um, P. d., general, ordinary, usual, common.

In gen.:

vulgatissimi sensus,

Quint. 2, 4, 28.—

In partic.

Commonly or generally known, notorious:

vulgatior fama est,

Liv. 1, 7, 2:

amores,

Ov. M. 4, 276: aulêtris illa vulgata, Quint. 7, 9, 4:

illud vulgatum, etc.,

id. 5, 10, 70; cf. id. 1, 5, 11.—

In mal. part., common, public:

vulgatissimae meretrices,

Suet. Dom. 22; cf.:

quis navis umquam in flumine publico tam volgata omnibus quam istius aetas fuit?

Cic. Har. Resp. 27, 59.— vulgātē ( volg-), notoriously; comp., Amm. 15, 3, 6, and id. 31, 3, 2 init.

prō-scrībo, psi, ptum, 3, v. a., to write before or in front of, to write over or upon, to inscribe.

In gen. (post-Aug.):

vultus voluntariā poenarum lege proscripti,

written over, inscribed, Petr. 107.—

In partic.

To publish any thing by writing (freq. and class.):

ut quo die esse oporteret idus Januarias, eo die Calendas Martias proscriberet,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129:

quam (legem) non is promulgavit, quo nomine proscriptam videtis,

id. ib. 2, 5, 69, §

177: non proscriptā neque edictā die,

id. ib. 1, 54, 141:

venationem,

id. Att. 16, 4, 1:

leges,

Tac. A. 13, 51:

versiculos per vias,

Gell. 15, 4, 3.—

With obj.-clause:

senatum Calendis velle se frequentem adesse, etiam Formiis proscribi jussit,

Cic. Att. 9, 17, 1:

proscribit se auctionem esse facturum,

id. Quint. 4, 15; cf. Suet. Caes. 49.—

To offer in writing any thing for sale, lease, or hire, or as to be sold by auction, to post up, advertise:

proscribere palam sic accipimus, claris litteris, ut, etc.,

Dig. 14, 3, 11:

Racilius tabulam proscripsit, se familiam Catonianam venditurum,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 5:

Claudius proscripsit insulam, vendidit,

id. Off. 3, 16, 65.—

To publish a person as having forfeited his property, to punish with confiscation, to confiscate one's property (cf. publico):

quaero enim, quid sit aliud proscribere. Velitis, jubeatis, ut M. Tullius in civitate ne sit, bonaque ejus ut mea sint,

Cic. Dom. 17, 43:

Pompeium,

to confiscate the estates gained by him, id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:

vicinos,

to confiscate the lands of one's neighbors, id. ib. 3, 4, 14:

possessiones,

id. ib.:

bona,

Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 5.—

To proscribe, outlaw one, by hanging up a tablet with his name and sentence of outlawry, confiscation of goods, etc.:

posteaquam victoria constituta est, cum proscriberentur homines, qui adversarii fuisse putabantur,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 16:

victoriā Sullae parentes,

Sall. C. 37, 9:

modus proscribendi,

Suet. Aug. 27.—Hence, P. a., as subst.: prōscriptus, i, an outlaw, one proscribed:

contra legem Corneliam, quae proscriptum juvari vetat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 123:

proscriptorum liberos honores petere puduit,

Plin. 7, 30, 31, § 117:

in proscriptorum numero esse,

Sall. C. 51, 33:

bona proscriptorum,

id. H. 1, 31 Dietsch.—

Trop.:

cujus pudoris dignitas in concione proscripta sit,

has been brought into ill repute, rendered suspected, Petr. 106.

pūblĭco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [publicus].

To make public property, to seize and adjudge to the public use, to confiscate (class.; cf.

proscribo): regnum Jubae,

Caes. B. C. 2, 25:

bona Cingetorigis,

id. B. G. 5, 54; 7, 43:

privata,

Cic. Agr. 2, 21, 57:

bona,

id. Cat. 4, 4, 8:

Ptolemaeum,

id. Dom. 8, 20:

censeo publicandas eorum pecunias,

Sall. C. 51, 43; Nep. Thras. 1, 5; Liv. 3, 58; 29, 19; Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 13:

aurarias,

Tac. A. 6, 19.—

To show or tell to the people, to impart to the public, make public or common (freq. only in the post-Aug. period, not in Cic. or Cæs.; cf.

vulgo): Aventinum,

i. e. to open for building, Liv. 3, 31, 1:

bibliothecas Graecas et Latinas,

to furnish for the use of the public, throw open to the public, Suet. Caes. 44; Plin. 7, 30, 31, § 115; Suet. Aug. 43.—With se, to let one's self be heard in public, to come before the public, Suet. Ner. 21:

oratiunculam,

to publish, Plin. Ep. 5, 13, 1:

epistulas,

id. ib. 1, 1, 1:

librum,

id. ib. 1, 5, 2:

libellos,

Suet. Caes. 56; id. Aug. 43.—

In partic.

To make known, publish, reveal, disclose (very rare):

reticenda,

Just. 1, 7, 5; 2, 15, 17:

dies fasti publicati,

Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 17.—

Corpus publicare, to expose one's self to common use, prostitute one's self, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 22:

publicata pudicitia,

Tac. G. 19; Quint. 7, 9, 4.—

To lay waste, destroy, make a ruin of:

domus,

Vulg. 1 Esdr. 6, 11; id. Dan. 2, 5.

ĕdo, ēdi, ēsum, 3 ( sup.:

esum,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 13; id. Men. 3, 1, 11; id. Stich. 1, 3, 28:

esu,

id. Ps. 3, 2, 35.—The contr. forms es, est, estis, etc., are very freq. in prose and poetry:

est,

Verg. A. 4, 66; 5, 683; Hor. S. 2, 2, 57:

esset,

id. ib. 2, 6, 89; Verg. G. 1, 151:

esse,

Quint. 11, 3, 136; Juv. 15, 102:

esto,

Cato R. R. 156, 1.—Hence, also in the pass.:

estur,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 78; id. Poen. 4, 2, 13; Cels. 27, 3; Ov. Pont. 1, 1, 69; and:

essetur,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 106 Müll.—Archaic forms of the subj. praes.:

edim,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 16; id. Trin. 2, 4, 73; 74; Caecil. and Pompon. ap. Non. 507, 7:

edis,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 45; id. Trin. 2, 4, 72:

edit,

Cato R. R. 1, 56, 6; 1, 57, 9 sq.; Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 1; 3; id. Aul. 4, 6, 6; id. Poen. prol. 9; Hor. Epod. 3, 3; id. S. 2, 8, 90:

edimus,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 34:

editis, Nov. ap. Non. l. l.: edint,

Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 22), v. a. [Sanscr. ad-mi, eat; Gr. ed-ô, esthiô; Lat. edax, esca, esurio, etc.; cf. also Gr. odous, odont- Aeol. plur. edontes, dens], to eat (for syn. cf.: comedo, vescor, pascor, devoro, haurio, mando, ceno, epulor).

Lit.: ille ipse astat, quando edit, Naev. ap. Prisc. p. 893; cf.

so uncontr.,

Cic. Att. 13, 52:

miserrimus est, qui cum esse cupit, quod edit non habet,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 3:

ut de symbolis essemus,

Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 2:

mergi eos (sc. pullos) in aquam jussit, ut biberent, quoniam esse nollent,

Cic. N. D. 2, 3, 7 et saep.—

Prov.

Multos modios salis simul edisse, to have eaten bushels of salt with another, i. e. to be old friends, Cic. Lael. 19.—

De patella, i. e. to show contempt for religion (v. patella), Cic. Fin. 2, 7 fin. —

Pugnos, to taste one's fists, i. e. to get a good drubbing, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 153.—

Transf.

Bona, to squander, dissipate, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 29.—

Of inanimate subjects, qs. to eat up, i. e. to consume, destroy ( poet.):

ut mala culmos Esset robigo,

Verg. G. 1, 151:

carinas lentus vapor (i. e. flamma),

id. A. 5, 683:

corpora virus,

Ov. Ib. 608 al. —

Trop., to corrode, consume, devour (almost exclusively poet.):

si quid est animum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 39; cf.:

nimium libenter edi sermonem tuum,

have devoured, Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 1:

nec te tantus edat tacitam dolor,

Verg. A. 12, 801:

nec edunt oblivia laudem,

Sil. 13, 665 et saep.

ē-do, dĭdi, dĭtum, 3, v. a., to give out, put forth, bring forth (freq. and class.).

In gen.:

foras per os est editus aër,

Lucr. 3, 122; cf.:

sputa per fauces tussi,

id. 6, 1189:

urinam,

Plin. 28, 4, 7, § 38; cf.

stercus,

Col. 2, 14: animam, to breathe out, i. e. to die, expire, Cic. Sest. 38, 83; Ov. H. 9, 62; cf.:

extremum vitae spiritum,

Cic. Phil. 12, 9:

vitam,

id. Fin. 5, 2, 4; id. Planc. 37, 90:

clamorem,

to send forth, utter, id. Div. 2, 23; cf.:

miros risus,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 10, 2:

fremitum patulis sub naribus (equus),

Lucr. 5, 1076:

voces,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 8:

dulces modos,

Ov. F. 1, 444:

questus,

id. M. 4, 588:

hinnitus,

id. ib. 2, 669:

latratus,

id. ib. 4, 451 et saep.:

Maeander in sinum maris editur,

discharges itself, Liv. 38, 13; 39, 53 fin.:

clanculum ex aedibus me edidi foras,

have slipped out, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 9.

In partic., to bring forth any thing new, to produce, beget, form, etc.

Of what is born, begotten (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

progeniem in oras luminis,

Lucr. 2, 617:

crocodilos dicunt, cum in terra partum ediderint, obruere ova, deinde discedere,

Cic. N. D. 2, 52; so,

partum,

Liv. 1, 39; cf.:

aliquem partu,

Verg. A. 7, 660; Ov. M. 4, 210; 13, 487:

aliquem maturis nisibus,

id. F. 5, 172:

geminos Latona,

id. M. 6, 336:

nepotem Atlantis (Pleïas),

id. F. 5, 664 al.: (draconem) Qui luci ediderat genitor Saturnius, idem Abdidit, Cic. Poëta Div. 2, 30, 64; cf.:

Electram maximus Atlas Edidit,

Verg. A. 8, 137.—In the pass.:

hebetes eduntur,

Quint. 1, 1, 2. —More freq. in the part.: in lucem editus, Poëta ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115 (a transl. of the Euripid. ton phunta); cf. Ov. M. 15, 221:

editus partu,

id. ib. 5, 517; 9, 678; id. F. 5, 26:

Venus aquis,

id. H. 7, 60; cf.:

Limnate flumine Gange,

id. M. 5, 48;

for which: de flumine,

id. H. 5, 10 (cf. Zumpt, Gramm. §

451): ille hac,

Ov. M. 10, 298; cf.:

Maecenas atavis regibus,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 1:

infans ex nepte Julia,

Suet. Aug. 65 et saep.—

Transf.:

(tellus) Edidit innumeras species,

Ov. M. 1, 436; cf. Liv. 21, 41:

frondem ulmus,

puts forth, Col. 5, 6, 2:

ea (sc. academia) praestantissimos in eloquentia viros edidit,

Quint. 12, 2, 25.—

Of literary productions, to put forth, to publish (class.):

de republica libros,

Cic. Brut. 5, 19; so,

librum contra suum doctorem,

id. Ac. 2, 4, 12:

annales suos,

id. Att. 2, 16, 4:

orationem scriptam,

Sall. C. 31, 6:

aliquid,

Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 7; Quint. 5, 10, 120; 3, 1, 18; 2, 1, 11; Hor. A. P. 390 et saep.—

Transf., to set forth, publish, relate, tell, utter, announce, declare = exponere;

esp. of the responses of priests and oracles, the decrees of authorities, etc.: apud eosdem (sc. censores) qui magistratu abierint edant et exponant, quid in magistratu gesserint,

Cic. Leg. 3, 20, 47; cf. Hor. S. 2, 5, 61:

ede illa, quae coeperas, et Bruto et mihi,

Cic. Brut. 5, 20:

nomen parentum,

Ov. M. 3, 580; 9, 531; Hor. S. 2, 4, 10:

veros ortus,

Ov. M. 2, 43; cf.:

auctor necis editus,

id. ib. 8, 449:

mea fata tibi,

id. 11, 668 et saep. —With acc. and inf.:

Apollo Pythius oraculum edidit, Spartam nulla re alia esse perituram, etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 22, 77; cf. Liv. 40, 45; 22, 10; 42, 2.—With dupl. acc.:

auctorem doctrinae ejus falso Pythagoran edunt,

id. 1, 18; cf. id. 1, 46; 27, 27 fin.:

haec mihi, quae canerem Titio, deus edidit ore,

Tib. 1, 4, 73:

iis editis imperiis,

id. 29, 25; cf.:

edito alio tempore ac loco (with constitutum tempus et locus),

Quint. 4, 2, 98:

opinio in vulgus edita,

spread abroad, Caes. B. C. 3, 29, 3; cf. Nep. Dat. 6, 4:

consilia hostium,

i. e. to divulge, betray, Liv. 10, 27 et saep.— Poet.:

arma violentaque bella,

i. e. to sing, celebrate in song, Ov. Am. 1, 1, 1.—Hence,

Jurid. and polit. t. t., to give out, promulgate, proclaim, ordain:

qua quisque actione agere volet, eam prius edere debet. Nam aequissimum videtur, eum, qui acturus est, edere actionem, etc.,

Dig. 2, 13 (tit. De edendo), 1 sq.:

verba,

Cic. Quint. 20, 63; cf.

judicium,

id. ib. 21: tribus, said of the plaintiff in a causa sodaliciorum, to name the tribus (since he had the right, in order to choose the judges, to propose to the defendant four tribus, from which the latter could reject only one, and then to choose the judges according to his own pleasure out of the remaining three, Cic. Planc. 15, 36 sqq.:

judices editi (= editicii),

id. ib. 17, 41; cf.

Wund. Cic. Planc. p. LXXVI. sq., and see editicius: socium tibi in hujus bonis edidisti Quintium,

hast mentioned, Cic. Quint. 24 fin.:

quantum Apronius edidisset deberi, tantum ex edicto dandum erat,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 29; 2, 2, 42: mandata edita, Liv. 31, 19; cf. id. 34, 35:

ederet (consul) quid fieri velit,

to command, id. 40, 40; cf. id. 45, 34.—

Transf. beyond the jurid. sphere:

postquam hanc rationem cordi ventrique edidi, etc.,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 12.—

Of other objects, to produce, perform, bring about, cause (freq. and class.):

oves nullum fructum edere ex se sine cultu hominum et curatione possent,

Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158:

vitales motus,

Lucr. 3, 560:

proelia pugnasque,

id. 2, 119; 4, 1010; Liv. 8, 9; 21, 43 al.; cf.

caedem,

id. 5, 13; 10, 45 al.:

strages,

Verg. A. 9, 785 and 527:

aliquantum trepidationis,

Liv. 21, 28; cf.

tumultum,

id. 36, 19:

ruinas,

Cic. Leg. 1, 13 fin.:

scelus, facinus,

to perpetrate, id. Phil. 13, 9 fin.:

annuam operam,

i. e. to perform, Liv. 5, 4; cf. id. 3, 63; Suet. Tib. 35:

munus gladiatorium (with parare),

to exhibit, Liv. 28, 21; Suet. Calig. 18; cf.

ludos,

Tac. A. 1, 15; 3, 64; Suet. Caes. 10 al.:

spectaculum,

Tac. A. 14, 17; id. H. 2, 67; Suet. Caes. 44 et saep.:

gladiatores,

Suet. Aug. 45 et saep.:

exemplum severitatis,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 5;

so more freq.: exempla in aliquem,

Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 21; Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 12; Liv. 29, 9 fin. and 27; cf.:

scelus in aliquem,

Cic. Sest. 27.

To raise up, lift, elevate:

corpus celerem super equum,

Tib. 4, 1, 114.—Hence,

ēdĭtus, a, um, P. a. (set forth, heightened; hence, like excelsus).

Prop., of places, elevated, high, lofty (cf.:

altus, celsus, excelsus, sublimis, procerus, arduus, praeceps, profundus), opp. to flat, level (cf.: collis paululum ex planitie editus,

Caes. B. G. 2, 8, 3; id. B. C. 1, 43, 2; Sall. J. 92, 5; Tac. A. 15, 27—very freq. and class.):

Henna est loco perexcelso atque edito,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48; Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 1 (with acclivis); 7, 18, 3; id. B. C. 3, 37, 4; Sall. J. 92, 5; 98, 3; Liv. 2, 50 et saep.— Comp., Caes. B. C. 1, 7, 5; 1, 43, 2; Sen. N. Q. 7, 5. — Sup., Auct. B. Alex. 28; 31; 72; Just. 2, 1, 17 al.—

Trop.:

viribus editior,

stronger, Hor. S. 1, 3, 110.— Adv. does not occur.—

ēdĭtum, i, n.

A height:

in edito,

Suet. Aug. 72:

ex edito,

Plin. 31, 3, 27.— Plur.:

edita montium,

Tac. A. 4, 46; 12, 56: in editis, Treb. Trig. Tyr. 26.—

Transf., a command, order, Ov. M. 11, 647; cf. Liv. 25, 12, 4.

ĕdo, ōnis, m. [1. edo], a glutton, Varr. ap. Non. 48, 19.

prō-do, dĭdi, dĭtum, 3 (archaic produit for prodiderit, = porro dederit, porticum sartam tectamque habeto, prodito, Lex Censor. ap. Fest. p. 229, 17 Müll.; pres. part. abl. sing. prodente, Cic. Tusc. 2, 13, 31), v. a.

To give, put, or bring forth (class.;

syn. edo, profero, promo): prodit fumoso con dita vina cado,

Ov. F. 5, 518:

suspiria pectore,

id. M. 1, 656:

hydraulam et choraulam,

to show, Suet. Ner. 54:

exemplum tur pe,

to give a bad example, Vell. 2, 119, 4:

perniciosum exemplum,

Cic. Fl. 11, 25:

prodendi exempli causā,

of setting an example, Liv. 1, 11, 7.—

In partic.

To bring forth, bear, produce ( poet.): parvā prodite patriā, Att. ap. App. de Deo Socr. p. 55:

quae tam festa dies ut cesset prodere furem, Perfidiam, fraudes,

Juv. 13, 23.—

To put forth in writing, i. e. to publish, make known, relate, report, record:

cum decretum proditur, lex veri rectique proditur,

Cic. Ac. 2, 9, 27:

Procilius non idem prodidit, quod Piso,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 148:

ea, quae scriptores Graeciae prodiderunt,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 13, 29:

haec monumenta nobis litterae prodiderunt,

id. Planc. 39, 94: Thucydides ossa ejus clam ab amicis esse sepulta, memoriae prodidit, has handed down to memory, i. e. has recorded, Nep. Them. 10, 5:

hujus bella gesta multi memoriae prodiderunt,

id. Hann. 13, 3:

ut produnt,

as they say. Plin. 34, 7, 16, § 33: prodere aliquid memoriā, to put forth from memory, i. e. to record, relate:

quos natos in insulā ipsā, memoriā proditum dicunt,

Caes. B. G. 5, 12:

ut quod proditum memoriā est,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 54.—Esp., to publish, proclaim any one as appointed to an office, i. e. to appoint, elect, create a public officer of any kind (syn.:

creo, designo): cum populo agendi jus esto ei, quem produnt patres consulum creandorum ergo,

Cic. Leg. 3, 4, 10;

flaminem,

id. Mil. 17, 46:

interregem,

id. Dom. 14, 38:

dictatorem,

Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 18; to make known, disclose, discover, betray, Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 75:

homine prodente conscios,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 13, 31:

crimen vultu,

Ov. M. 2, 447:

tamquam prodiderim quidquid scio,

Juv. 9, 97:

arcanum,

id. 9, 115.—

To betray perfidiously, surrender treacherously:

si Brutum prodideritis, et deserueritis,

Cic. Phil. 10, 3, 7:

is me deseruit ac prodidit,

id. Fl. 33, 81; id. Sest. 14, 32; cf. id. Verr. 2, 1, 33, § 84:

prodebas caput et salutem meam,

id. Pis. 24, 56:

classem praedonibus,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 106:

hosti rempublicam,

Sall. J. 31, 18:

patriam,

Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 32.—

To give up, surrender, abandon: rem summam, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 229 Müll. (Ann. v. 411 Vahl.):

suam vitam, et Pecuniam omnem,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 70.—

To extend, permit to go farther.

To put off, defer (anteclass.), Fest. p. 242 Müll.—

To prolong, = produco, de mendico male meretur qui ei dat quod edit, nam illi prodit vitam ad miseriam, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 58 sq.—

To hand down, transmit, bequeath (class.):

qui sacra suis posteris prodiderunt,

Cic. Mil. 30, 83:

jus imaginis ad memoriam posteritatemque prodendae,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 14, § 36:

regnum a Tantalo proditum,

id. Off. 3, 21, 84.—

To propagate ( poet.):

qui genus alto a sanguine Teucri Proderet,

Verg. A. 4, 230.

prō-pōno, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3, v. a., to put or set forth, to set or lay out, to place before, expose to view, to display (class.).

Lit.:

proponere vexillum,

Caes. B. G. 2, 20:

pallentesque manus, sanguineumque caput,

Ov. Tr. 3, 9, 30:

i puer et citus haec aliquā propone columnā,

Prop. 3 (4), 23, 23:

aliquid venale,

to expose for sale, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 78; cf. Suet. Ner. 16:

geminum pugnae proponit honorem,

proposes, offers, Verg. A. 5, 365:

singulis diebus ediscendos fastos populo proposuit,

Cic. Mur. 11, 25:

legem in publicum,

id. Agr. 2, 5, 13:

in publico epistulam,

id. Att. 8, 9, 2; id. Pis. 36, 88:

vectigalia,

to publish, publicly advertise, Suet. Calig. 41:

oppida Romanis proposita ad copiam commeatūs,

Caes. B. G. 7, 14:

ne quid volucre proponeretur, praeter, etc.,

should be served up, Plin. 10, 50, 71, § 139 (al. poneretur).—

Trop.

To set before the eyes, to propose mentally; to imagine, conceive:

propone tibi duos reges,

Cic. Deiot. 14, 40:

aliquid sibi exemplar,

id. Univ. 2:

sibi aliquem ad imitandum,

id. de Or. 2, 22, 93:

vos ante oculos animosque vestros... Apronii regnum proponite,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 58:

eam (vitam) ante oculos vestros proponite,

id. Sull. 26, 72:

condicio supplicii in bello timiditati militis proposita,

id. Clu. 46, 129; 56, 154; 12, 42:

vim fortunae animo,

Liv. 30, 30:

spem libertatis,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 5, 15:

nihil ad scribendum,

id. Att. 5, 10, 4.—

To expose:

omnibus telis fortunae proposita est vita nostra,

Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 2:

tabernis apertis proposita omnia in medio vidit,

Liv. 6, 25, 9.—

To point out, declare, represent, report, say, relate, set forth, publish, etc. (cf.:

indico, denuntio): ut proponat, quid dicturus sit,

Cic. Or. 40, 137; id. Brut. 60, 217:

extremum illud est de iis, quae proposueram,

id. Fam. 15, 14, 6:

contione habitā, rem gestam proponit,

Caes. B. G. 5, 50:

in exemplum proponere,

Quint. 7, 1, 41; 12, 2, 27.—With de:

de Galliae Germaniaeque moribus, et quo differant eae nationes inter se,

Caes. B. G. 6, 11.—With object-clause:

quod ante tacuerat, proponit, esse nonnullos, quorum, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 17:

cui (morbo) remedia celeria faciliaque proponebantur,

were proposed, suggested, believed to be efficient, Nep. Att. 21, 2.—

To offer, propose as a reward:

Xerxes praemium proposuit, qui invenisset novam voluptatem,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 7, 20:

populo congiarium, militi donativum,

Suet. Ner. 7.—

In a bad sense, to threaten, denounce:

cui cum publicatio bonorum, exsilium, mors proponeretur,

Cic. Planc. 41, 97:

injuriae, quae propositae sunt a Catone,

id. Fam. 1, 5, b, 2:

contentiones, quae mihi proponuntur,

id. Att. 2, 19, 1:

improbis poenam,

id. Fin. 2, 17, 57:

damnationem et mortem sibi proponat ante oculos,

Liv. 2, 54, 6; Just. 16, 5, 2.—

To lay before, to propose for an answer: aliquam quaestionem, Nep Att. 20, 2:

aenigma,

Vulg. Ezech. 17, 2.—

To purpose, resolve, intend, design, determine:

consecutus id, quod animo proposuerat,

Caes. B. G. 7, 47:

cum id mihi propositum initio non fuisset,

I had not proposed it to myself, had not intended it, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6.— With inf.:

neque propositum nobis est hoc loco (laudare), etc.,

I am resolved, Cic. Brut. 6, 25.—With ut:

propositum est, non ut eloquentiam meam perspicias, sed ut,

the design is, Cic. Brut. 92, 318.—

To say or mention beforehand (post-Aug.), Col. 8, 17, 8.—

To state the first premise of a syllogism:

cum proponimus,

Cic. Inv. 1, 39, 70; 1, 40, 72.—

To impose (post-class.):

novam mihi propono dicendi legem,

Mamert. Genethl. 5.—Hence, prōpŏsĭtum, i, n.

A plan, intention, design, resolution, purpose (class.):

quidnam Pompeius propositi aut voluntatis ad dimicandum haberet,

Caes. B. C. 3, 84:

assequi,

to attain, Cic. Fin. 3, 6, 22:

est enim propositum, ut iratum efficiat judicem,

id. Part. 4, 14:

tenere,

to keep to one's purpose, Nep. Eum. 3, 5; Liv. 3, 41, 4; Caes. B. C. 1, 83; 3, 42; 64:

propositum peragere,

Nep. Att. 22, 2:

tenax propositi,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 1: in proposito manere. Suet. Gram. 24:

reprehendendi habere,

Plin. Ep. 9, 19, 7:

omne propositum operis a nobis destinati,

Quint. 2, 10, 15; 2, 19, 1; 12, 9, 14.—

The first premise of a syllogism, Cic. de Or. 2, 53, 215; Sen. Q. N. 1, 8, 4.—

An argument: nam est in proposito finis fides, Cic. Part. 3, 9.—

The main point, principal subject, theme:

a proposito declinare aliquantulum,

Cic. Or. 40, 137:

egredi a proposito ornandi causā,

id. Brut. 21, 82:

a proposito aberrare,

id. Fin. 5, 28, 83:

redire ad propositum,

id. de Or. 3, 53, 203:

ad propositum revertamur,

id. Off. 3, 9, 39:

a proposito aversus,

Liv. 2, 8, 8:

propositum totius operis,

Sen. Ep. 65, 4 sq.; 65, 8:

vitae,

Cels. 5, 26, 6:

meum,

Phaedr. 1, 5, 2:

tuum,

Sen. Ep. 68, 3.—

A way, manner, or course of life ( poet. and post-Aug.):

mutandum tibi propositum est et vitae genus,

Phaedr. prol. 3, 15:

vir proposito sanctissimus,

Vell. 2, 2, 2.

af-fĕro (better adf-), attŭli (adt-, better att-), allātum (adl-), afferre (adf-), v. a.; constr. aliquid ad aliquem or alicui.

In gen., to bring, take, carry or convey a thing to a place (of portable things, while adducere denotes the leading or conducting of men, animals, etc.), lit. and trop.

Lit.:

lumen,

Enn. Ann. 1, 40:

viginti minas,

Plaut. As. 1, 3, 78; 1, 3, 87 al.:

adtuli hunc.—Quid, adtulisti?—Adduxi volui dicere,

id. Ps. 2, 4, 21:

tandem bruma nives adfert,

Lucr. 5, 746: adlatus est acipenser, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:

adfer huc scyphos,

Hor. Epod. 9, 33:

nuces,

Juv. 5, 144:

cibum pede ad rostrum veluti manu,

Plin. 10, 46, 63, § 129:

pauxillum aquae,

Vulg. Gen. 18, 4:

caput ejus,

ib. Marc. 6, 28.—With de in part. sense:

adferte nobis de fructibus terrae,

Vulg. Num. 13, 21; ib. Joan. 21, 10 (as lit. rendering of the Greek).—So of letters:

adferre litteras, ad aliquem or alicui,

Cic. Att. 8, 6; id. Imp. Pomp. 2; Liv. 22, 11 al.: adferre se ad aliquem locum, to betake one's self to a place, to go or come to (opp. auferre se ab aliquo, to withdraw from, to leave, only poet.):

huc me adfero,

Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 6; Ter. And. 4, 5, 12 Bentl.:

Fatis huc te poscentibus adfers,

Verg. A. 8, 477:

sese a moenibus,

id. ib. 3, 345.—So pass. adferri:

urbem adferimur,

are driven, come, Verg. A. 7, 217;

and adferre pedem: abite illuc, unde malum pedem adtulistis,

id. Cat. 14, 21.— To bring near, extend, = porrigo (eccl. Lat.):

adfer manum tuam,

reach hither, Vulg. Joan. 20, 27.—

Trop., to bring to, upon, in a good or bad sense.

In bon. part.:

pacem ad vos adfero,

Plaut. Am. prol. 32:

hic Stoicus genus sermonum adfert non liquidum,

i.e. makes use of, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159:

nihil ostentationis aut imitationis adferre,

id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

non minus adferret ad dicendum auctoritatis quam facultatis,

id. Mur. 2, 4:

consulatum in familiam,

id. Phil. 9, 2:

animum vacuum ad scribendas res difficiles,

id. Att. 12, 38:

tibi benedictionem,

Vulg. Gen. 33, 11:

Domino gloriam,

ib. 1 Par. 16, 28; ib. Apoc. 21, 26: ignominiam, ib. Osee, 4, 18.—

In mal. part.:

bellum in patriam,

Ov. M. 12, 5:

nisi etiam illuc pervenerint (canes), ut in dominum adferant dentes,

to use their teeth against their master, Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 9:

adferam super eos mala,

Vulg. Jer. 23, 12:

Quam accusationem adfertis adversus hominem hunc?

id. Joan. 18, 29: quod gustatum adfert mortem, ib. Job, 6, 6: vim adferre alicui for inferre, to use force against or offer violence to one, Cic. Phil. 2, 7; id. Verr. 2, 1, 26; Liv. 9, 16; 42, 29 Drak.; Ov. H. 17, 21 Heins.; id. A. A. 1, 679; Suet. Oth. 12 al.: manus adferre alicui, in a bad sense, to lay hands on, attack, assail (opp.:

manus abstinere ab aliquo): pro re quisque manus adfert (sc. ad pugnam),

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26:

domino a familiā suā manus adlatas esse,

id. Quint. 27:

intellegimus eum detrudi, cui manus adferuntur,

id. Caecin. 17:

qui sit improbissimus, manus ei adferantur, effodiantur oculi,

id. Rep. 3, 17 Creuz. al.: sibi manus, to lay hands on one's self, to commit suicide: Qui quidem manus, quas justius in Lepidi perniciem animāsset, sibi adferre conatus est, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23.—Also of things: manus templo, to rob or plunder, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 18:

bonis alienis,

id. Off. 2, 15:

manus suis vulneribus,

to tear open, id. Att. 3, 15 (a little before:

ne rescindam ipse dolorem meum): manus beneficio suo,

to nullify, render worthless, Sen. Ben. 2, 5 ext. —

Esp.

To bring, bear, or carry a thing, as news, to report, announce, inform, publish; constr. alicui or ad aliquem aliquid, or acc. with inf. (class.;

in the histt., esp. in Livy, very freq.): ea adferam eaque ut nuntiem, etc.,

Plaut. Am. prol. 9:

istud quod adfers, aures exspectant meae,

id. As. 2, 2, 65; Ter. Phorm. prol. 22:

calamitas tanta fuit, ut eam non ex proelio nuntius, sed ex sermone rumor adferret,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 25:

si ei subito sit adlatum periculum patriae,

id. Off. 1, 43, 154:

nihil novi ad nos adferebatur,

id. Fam. 2, 14; id. Att. 6, 8: rumores, qui de me adferuntur, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21:

Caelium ad illam adtulisse, se aurum quaerere,

id. Cael. 24; so id. Fam. 5, 2 al.:

magnum enim, quod adferebant, videbatur,

Caes. B. C. 3, 15 Dint.:

cum crebri adferrent nuntii, male rem gerere Darium,

Nep. 3, 3:

haud vana adtulere,

Liv. 4, 37; 6, 31:

exploratores missi adtulerunt quieta omnia apud Gallos esse,

id. 8, 17 Drak.:

per idem tempus rebellāsse Etruscos adlatum est,

word was brought, id. 10, 45 al.:

idem ex Hispaniā adlatum,

Tac. H. 1, 76:

esse, qui magnum nescio quid adferret,

Suet. Dom. 16; Luc. 1, 475:

scelus adtulit umbris,

Val. Fl. 3, 172 al. —So of instruction: doctrinam, Vulg. prol. Eccli.; ib. 2 Joan. 10.—

To bring a thing on one, i.e. to cause, occasion, effect, give, impart; esp. of states of mind:

aegritudinem alicui,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 2:

alicui molestiam,

id. Hec. 3, 2, 9:

populo Romano pacem, tranquillitatem, otium, concordiam,

Cic. Mur. 1:

alicui multas lacrimas, magnam cladem,

id. N. D. 2, 3, 7:

ipsa detractio molestiae consecutionem adfert voluptatis,

id. Fin. 1, 11, 37; so,

adferre auctoritatem et fidem orationi,

id. Phil. 12, 7:

metum,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 25:

dolorem,

id. Sull. 1:

luctum et egestatem,

id. Rosc. Am. 5:

consolationem,

id. Att. 10, 4:

delectationem,

id. Fam. 7, 1 al.:

detrimentum,

Caes. B. C. 2, 82:

taedium,

Plin. 15, 2, 3, § 7:

dolorem capitis,

id. 23, 1, 18:

gaudium,

Plin. Ep. 10, 2, 1 al. —

To bring forwards, allege, assert, adduce, as an excuse, reason, etc.:

quam causam adferam?

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 23:

justas causas adfers,

Cic. Att. 11, 15;

also without causa: rationes quoque, cur hoc ita sit, adferendas puto,

id. Fin. 5, 10, 27; cf. id. Fam. 4, 13:

idque me non ad meam defensionem adtulisse,

id. Caecin. 29, 85:

ad ea, quae dixi, adfer, si quid habes,

id. Att. 7: nihil igitur adferunt, qui in re gerendā versari senectutem negant, they bring forwards nothing to the purpose, who, etc., id. Sen. 6; id. de Or. 2, 53, 215:

quid enim poterit dicere?... an aetatem adferet?

i. e. as an excuse, id. ib. 2, 89, 364.—Also absol.:

Quid sit enim corpus sentire, quis adferet umquam...?

will bring forwards an explanation, Lucr. 3, 354 (cf. reddo absol. in same sense, id. 1, 566):

et, cur credam, adferre possum,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70; 3, 23, 55.—

Adferre aliquid = conducere, conferre aliquid, to contribute any thing to a definite object, to be useful in any thing, to help, assist; constr. with ad, with dat., or absol.:

quam ad rem magnum adtulimus adjumentum hominibus nostris,

Cic. Off. 1, 1:

negat Epicurus diuturnitatem temporis ad beate vivendum aliquid adferre,

id. Fin. 2, 27, 87:

quidquid ad rem publicam adtulimus, si modo aliquid adtulimus,

id. Off. 1, 44, 155:

illa praesidia non adferunt oratori aliquid, ne, etc.,

id. Mil. 1: aliquid adtulimus etiam nos, id. Planc. 10, 24:

quid enim oves aliud adferunt, nisi, etc.,

id. N. D. 2, 63.—

Very rare in class. period, to bring forth as a product, to yield, bear, produce, = fero:

agri fertiles, qui multo plus adferunt, quam acceperunt,

Cic. Off. 1, 15:

herbam adferentem semen,

Vulg. Gen. 1, 29:

arva non adferent cibum,

ib. Hab. 3, 17: lignum adtulit fructum, ib. Joel, 2, 22; ib. Apoc. 22, 2:

ager fructum,

ib. Luc. 12, 16 al.

af-fĕro (better adf-), attŭli (adt-, better att-), allātum (adl-), afferre (adf-), v. a.; constr. aliquid ad aliquem or alicui.

In gen., to bring, take, carry or convey a thing to a place (of portable things, while adducere denotes the leading or conducting of men, animals, etc.), lit. and trop.

Lit.:

lumen,

Enn. Ann. 1, 40:

viginti minas,

Plaut. As. 1, 3, 78; 1, 3, 87 al.:

adtuli hunc.—Quid, adtulisti?—Adduxi volui dicere,

id. Ps. 2, 4, 21:

tandem bruma nives adfert,

Lucr. 5, 746: adlatus est acipenser, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:

adfer huc scyphos,

Hor. Epod. 9, 33:

nuces,

Juv. 5, 144:

cibum pede ad rostrum veluti manu,

Plin. 10, 46, 63, § 129:

pauxillum aquae,

Vulg. Gen. 18, 4:

caput ejus,

ib. Marc. 6, 28.—With de in part. sense:

adferte nobis de fructibus terrae,

Vulg. Num. 13, 21; ib. Joan. 21, 10 (as lit. rendering of the Greek).—So of letters:

adferre litteras, ad aliquem or alicui,

Cic. Att. 8, 6; id. Imp. Pomp. 2; Liv. 22, 11 al.: adferre se ad aliquem locum, to betake one's self to a place, to go or come to (opp. auferre se ab aliquo, to withdraw from, to leave, only poet.):

huc me adfero,

Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 6; Ter. And. 4, 5, 12 Bentl.:

Fatis huc te poscentibus adfers,

Verg. A. 8, 477:

sese a moenibus,

id. ib. 3, 345.—So pass. adferri:

urbem adferimur,

are driven, come, Verg. A. 7, 217;

and adferre pedem: abite illuc, unde malum pedem adtulistis,

id. Cat. 14, 21.— To bring near, extend, = porrigo (eccl. Lat.):

adfer manum tuam,

reach hither, Vulg. Joan. 20, 27.—

Trop., to bring to, upon, in a good or bad sense.

In bon. part.:

pacem ad vos adfero,

Plaut. Am. prol. 32:

hic Stoicus genus sermonum adfert non liquidum,

i.e. makes use of, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159:

nihil ostentationis aut imitationis adferre,

id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

non minus adferret ad dicendum auctoritatis quam facultatis,

id. Mur. 2, 4:

consulatum in familiam,

id. Phil. 9, 2:

animum vacuum ad scribendas res difficiles,

id. Att. 12, 38:

tibi benedictionem,

Vulg. Gen. 33, 11:

Domino gloriam,

ib. 1 Par. 16, 28; ib. Apoc. 21, 26: ignominiam, ib. Osee, 4, 18.—

In mal. part.:

bellum in patriam,

Ov. M. 12, 5:

nisi etiam illuc pervenerint (canes), ut in dominum adferant dentes,

to use their teeth against their master, Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 9:

adferam super eos mala,

Vulg. Jer. 23, 12:

Quam accusationem adfertis adversus hominem hunc?

id. Joan. 18, 29: quod gustatum adfert mortem, ib. Job, 6, 6: vim adferre alicui for inferre, to use force against or offer violence to one, Cic. Phil. 2, 7; id. Verr. 2, 1, 26; Liv. 9, 16; 42, 29 Drak.; Ov. H. 17, 21 Heins.; id. A. A. 1, 679; Suet. Oth. 12 al.: manus adferre alicui, in a bad sense, to lay hands on, attack, assail (opp.:

manus abstinere ab aliquo): pro re quisque manus adfert (sc. ad pugnam),

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26:

domino a familiā suā manus adlatas esse,

id. Quint. 27:

intellegimus eum detrudi, cui manus adferuntur,

id. Caecin. 17:

qui sit improbissimus, manus ei adferantur, effodiantur oculi,

id. Rep. 3, 17 Creuz. al.: sibi manus, to lay hands on one's self, to commit suicide: Qui quidem manus, quas justius in Lepidi perniciem animāsset, sibi adferre conatus est, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23.—Also of things: manus templo, to rob or plunder, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 18:

bonis alienis,

id. Off. 2, 15:

manus suis vulneribus,

to tear open, id. Att. 3, 15 (a little before:

ne rescindam ipse dolorem meum): manus beneficio suo,

to nullify, render worthless, Sen. Ben. 2, 5 ext. —

Esp.

To bring, bear, or carry a thing, as news, to report, announce, inform, publish; constr. alicui or ad aliquem aliquid, or acc. with inf. (class.;

in the histt., esp. in Livy, very freq.): ea adferam eaque ut nuntiem, etc.,

Plaut. Am. prol. 9:

istud quod adfers, aures exspectant meae,

id. As. 2, 2, 65; Ter. Phorm. prol. 22:

calamitas tanta fuit, ut eam non ex proelio nuntius, sed ex sermone rumor adferret,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 25:

si ei subito sit adlatum periculum patriae,

id. Off. 1, 43, 154:

nihil novi ad nos adferebatur,

id. Fam. 2, 14; id. Att. 6, 8: rumores, qui de me adferuntur, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21:

Caelium ad illam adtulisse, se aurum quaerere,

id. Cael. 24; so id. Fam. 5, 2 al.:

magnum enim, quod adferebant, videbatur,

Caes. B. C. 3, 15 Dint.:

cum crebri adferrent nuntii, male rem gerere Darium,

Nep. 3, 3:

haud vana adtulere,

Liv. 4, 37; 6, 31:

exploratores missi adtulerunt quieta omnia apud Gallos esse,

id. 8, 17 Drak.:

per idem tempus rebellāsse Etruscos adlatum est,

word was brought, id. 10, 45 al.:

idem ex Hispaniā adlatum,

Tac. H. 1, 76:

esse, qui magnum nescio quid adferret,

Suet. Dom. 16; Luc. 1, 475:

scelus adtulit umbris,

Val. Fl. 3, 172 al. —So of instruction: doctrinam, Vulg. prol. Eccli.; ib. 2 Joan. 10.—

To bring a thing on one, i.e. to cause, occasion, effect, give, impart; esp. of states of mind:

aegritudinem alicui,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 2:

alicui molestiam,

id. Hec. 3, 2, 9:

populo Romano pacem, tranquillitatem, otium, concordiam,

Cic. Mur. 1:

alicui multas lacrimas, magnam cladem,

id. N. D. 2, 3, 7:

ipsa detractio molestiae consecutionem adfert voluptatis,

id. Fin. 1, 11, 37; so,

adferre auctoritatem et fidem orationi,

id. Phil. 12, 7:

metum,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 25:

dolorem,

id. Sull. 1:

luctum et egestatem,

id. Rosc. Am. 5:

consolationem,

id. Att. 10, 4:

delectationem,

id. Fam. 7, 1 al.:

detrimentum,

Caes. B. C. 2, 82:

taedium,

Plin. 15, 2, 3, § 7:

dolorem capitis,

id. 23, 1, 18:

gaudium,

Plin. Ep. 10, 2, 1 al. —

To bring forwards, allege, assert, adduce, as an excuse, reason, etc.:

quam causam adferam?

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 23:

justas causas adfers,

Cic. Att. 11, 15;

also without causa: rationes quoque, cur hoc ita sit, adferendas puto,

id. Fin. 5, 10, 27; cf. id. Fam. 4, 13:

idque me non ad meam defensionem adtulisse,

id. Caecin. 29, 85:

ad ea, quae dixi, adfer, si quid habes,

id. Att. 7: nihil igitur adferunt, qui in re gerendā versari senectutem negant, they bring forwards nothing to the purpose, who, etc., id. Sen. 6; id. de Or. 2, 53, 215:

quid enim poterit dicere?... an aetatem adferet?

i. e. as an excuse, id. ib. 2, 89, 364.—Also absol.:

Quid sit enim corpus sentire, quis adferet umquam...?

will bring forwards an explanation, Lucr. 3, 354 (cf. reddo absol. in same sense, id. 1, 566):

et, cur credam, adferre possum,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70; 3, 23, 55.—

Adferre aliquid = conducere, conferre aliquid, to contribute any thing to a definite object, to be useful in any thing, to help, assist; constr. with ad, with dat., or absol.:

quam ad rem magnum adtulimus adjumentum hominibus nostris,

Cic. Off. 1, 1:

negat Epicurus diuturnitatem temporis ad beate vivendum aliquid adferre,

id. Fin. 2, 27, 87:

quidquid ad rem publicam adtulimus, si modo aliquid adtulimus,

id. Off. 1, 44, 155:

illa praesidia non adferunt oratori aliquid, ne, etc.,

id. Mil. 1: aliquid adtulimus etiam nos, id. Planc. 10, 24:

quid enim oves aliud adferunt, nisi, etc.,

id. N. D. 2, 63.—

Very rare in class. period, to bring forth as a product, to yield, bear, produce, = fero:

agri fertiles, qui multo plus adferunt, quam acceperunt,

Cic. Off. 1, 15:

herbam adferentem semen,

Vulg. Gen. 1, 29:

arva non adferent cibum,

ib. Hab. 3, 17: lignum adtulit fructum, ib. Joel, 2, 22; ib. Apoc. 22, 2:

ager fructum,

ib. Luc. 12, 16 al.

ef-fĕro or ecfĕro (cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, 766), extŭli, ēlatum, efferre or ecferre, v. a., to bring or carry out, to bring forth (very freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

ex navi,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 82; cf.

tela, etc., ex aedibus Cethegi,

Cic. Cat. 3, 3 fin.:

argentum jubeo jam intus efferri foras,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 62; cf. id. ib. 4, 9, 127; id. Most. 2, 1, 58; id. Mil. 4, 8, 4:

argentum ad aliquem,

id. Epid. 5, 1, 27; id. Truc. 3, 1, 16:

machaeram huc,

id. Mil. 2, 5, 53; cf. id. Stich. 2, 2, 28:

puerum extra aedes usquam,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 48:

cistellam domo,

id. Eun. 4, 6, 15; cf.:

cibaria sibi quemque domo,

Caes. B. G. 1, 5, 3:

frumentum ab Ilerda,

id. B. C. 1, 78, 1:

piscem de custodia,

Col. 8, 17 fin.:

litteras,

Caes. B. G. 5, 45, 4:

mucronem,

Cic. Cat. 2, 1, 2; cf.:

vexilla, signa, arma (e castris, extra fines, etc.),

Liv. 10, 19; 27, 2; 29, 21; Tac. H. 3, 31 al.:

ferrum a latere deripuit, elatumque deferebat in pectus,

id. A. 1, 35 fin.: Colchis pedem, Enn. ap. Non. 297, 20; so,

pedem,

Verg. A. 2, 657; cf.

pedem aedibus,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 19:

pedem portā,

Cic. Att. 6, 8, 5; 7, 2, 6; Suet. Tib. 38:

pedem quoquam,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 97:

se hinc (ignis),

Lucr. 6, 89 and 385:

se vallo (equus),

Tac. A. 15, 7:

Furium longius extulit cursus,

Liv. 3, 5; cf.:

Messium impetus per hostes extulit,

id. 4, 29.—

In partic.

Like the Gr. ekpherô, to carry out (of the house) for burial, to bear to the grave, to bury (cf.: cremo, humo, sepelio, prosequor): optumum'st Loces illum efferendum;

nam jam credo mortuus est,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 32; id. Most. 4, 3, 8 sqq.; Ter. And. 1, 1, 90 Don. and Ruhnk.; 1, 1, 101; Cic. N. D. 3, 32, 80; Nep. Att. 17; Liv. 2, 33; 3, 18 fin.; Quint. 8, 5, 21; Suet. Aug. 99; Hor. S. 2, 5, 85; Vulg. Luc. 7, 12.—

Transf.: meo unius funere elata populi Romani esset res publica, carried to burial, i. e. overthrown, destroyed, Liv. 28, 28; 24, 22; 31, 29.—

Of a fruit-bearing soil, to bring forth, bear, produce:

id, quod agri efferant,

Cic. Rep. 2, 4 fin.; id. Brut. 4, 16; cf. also id. Verr. 2, 3, 47 fin.; 86 al.—

Transf.:

ea, quae efferant aliquid ex sese, perfectiores habere naturas quam, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 33 fin.; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 109; poet.:

(Italia) genus acre virum,

Verg. G. 2, 169.—

Of motion in an upward direction (cf.: erigo and educo, II. B. 1.), to lift up, elevate, raise, exalt, Lucil. ap. Non. 297, 25:

aliquem in murum,

Caes. B. G. 7, 47 fin.:

pars operis in altitudinem turris elata,

id. B. C. 2, 8 fin.; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 103; and Suet. Calig. 32:

corvus e conspectu elatus,

Liv. 7, 26:

pulvis elatus,

id. 4, 33:

elata super capita scuta,

Tac. H. 3, 27: jubar (luna), Petron. Poët. 89, 2, 54; poet.:

caput Auctumnus agris extulit,

Hor. Epod. 2, 18.

Trop.

To set forth, spread abroad, utter, publish, proclaim:

clamorem,

to raise, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73:

quod neque in vulgum disciplinam efferri velint, neque, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 6, 14, 4; cf. Plin. 2, 12, 9:

vocem ejus in vulgus,

Tac. A. 12, 21:

tuum peccatum foras,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 65 Ruhnk.:

hoc foras,

Cic. Phil. 10, 3; so,

clandestina consilia,

Caes. B. G. 7, 1, 6:

rem,

id. ib. 7, 2, 2:

has meas ineptias,

Cic. de Or. 1, 24, 111:

divinitus dicta,

id. ib. 3, 1 fin. et saep.—With a rel. clause:

posteaquam in volgus militum elatum est, qua arrogantia in colloquio Ariovistus usus, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 46, 4.—

In partic., of speech, to utter, pronounce, express, declare:

verbum de verbo expressum extulit,

Ter. Ad. prol. 11:

ut verba inter se ra tione conjuncta sententiam efferant,

Varr. L. L. 8, § 1 Müll.:

si graves sententiae inconditis verbis efferuntur,

Cic. Or. 44, 150; cf. Quint. 9, 4, 13:

quae incisim aut membratim efferuntur, ea, etc.,

Cic. Or. 67; cf. Quint. 9, 4, 33; 8, 3, 40; 10, 2, 17: pleraque utroque modo efferuntur, luxuriatur, luxuriat, etc., id. 9, 3, 7; cf. id. 1, 5, 16; 64; 2, 14, 2.—

In the pass., qs. to be carried out of one's self by passions, feelings, etc.; to be carried away, transported, hurried away: usque adeo studio atque odio illius efferor ira, Lucil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 21 fin.; so,

studio,

Cic. de Sen. 23, 83; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; id. N. D. 1, 20 fin.; Caes. B. C. 1, 45, 2; cf.

cupiditate,

Cic. Div. 1, 24, 49:

vi naturae atque ingenii,

id. Mur. 31, 65:

laetitia,

id. Deiot. 9, 26 (cf. act.:

comitia ista praeclara, quae me laetitia extulerunt,

id. Fam. 2, 10):

incredibili gaudio,

id. Fam. 10, 12, 2; cf. id. Rep. 3, 30; Suet. Caes. 22:

voluptate canendi ac saltandi,

id. Calig. 54:

popularitate,

id. Ner. 53.—

(Acc. to I. B. 3.) To raise, elevate, exalt:

pretia alicujus rei,

Varr. R. R. 3, 6 fin.:

quorum animi altius se extulerunt,

Cic. Rep. 3, 3:

aliquem ad summum imperium per omnes honorum gradus,

id. Cat. 1, 11, 28; cf.:

aliquem supra leges,

Tac. A. 2, 34; and:

aliquem geminatis consulatibus,

id. ib. 1, 3; cf. also id. ib. 4, 40:

aliquem pecunia aut honore,

Sall. J. 49, 4:

patriam demersam extuli,

Cic. Sull. 31, 87; cf. Nep. Dion. 6; Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 34:

aliquem maximis laudibus,

id. Off. 2, 10, 36; cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 87:

aliquem summis laudibus ad caelum,

Cic. Fam. 9, 14; cf. Nep. Dion. 7 fin.:

aliquid maximis laudibus,

Cic. Lael. 7, 24:

aliquem laudibus,

Tac. A. 3, 72:

aliquem verbis,

Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 52:

aliquid versibus,

id. Rep. 1, 14;

and simply aliquid,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 56; Tac. A. 2, 63:

aliquem in summum odium,

id. H. 4, 42; cf.:

rem in summam invidiam,

Quint. 8, 4, 19.—

In partic., with se, to raise, elevate one's self; to rise, advance (cf.:

appareo, eluceo, exsisto): cum (virtus) se extulit et ostendit suum lumen,

Cic. Lael. 27; cf.

so with a figure borrowed from the heavenly bodies: qua in urbe (Athenis) primum se orator extulit,

id. Brut. 7, 26:

volo se efferat in adolescente fecunditas,

id. de Or. 2, 21.—

In a bad sense, with se, or in the [p. 629] pass., to lift up one's self, to carry one's self high; to be puffed up, haughty, proud on account of any thing (the figure being borrowed from a prancing horse; cf. Liv. 30, 20; and Quint. 10, 3, 10):

nec cohibendo efferentem se fortunam, quanto altius elatus erat, eo foedius corruit (Atilius),

Liv. 30, 30:

quod aut cupias ardenter aut adeptus ecferas te insolenter,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 39:

qui enim victoria se ecferunt, quasi victos nos intuentur,

id. Fam. 9, 2, 2; cf.:

se altius et incivilius,

Flor. 1, 26, 8:

sese audacia, scelere atque superbia,

Sall. J. 14, 11:

hic me magnifice effero,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 31:

(fortunati) efferuntur fere fastidio et contumacia,

Cic. Lael. 15, 54:

se efferre in potestate,

to be insolent in office, id. de Or. 2, 84, 342.—Esp. freq. in the part. perf.:

stulta ac barbara arrogantia elati,

Caes. B. C. 3, 59, 3:

recenti victoria,

id. B. G. 5, 47, 4:

spe celeris victoriae,

id. ib. 7, 47, 3:

gloria,

id. B. C. 3, 79, 6:

elatus et inflatus his rebus,

Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 97:

secunda fortuna magnisque opibus,

Nep. Alcib. 7, 3; id. Milt. 7, 2:

elatus ad vanam fiduciam,

Curt. 3, 19, 10;

but also: ad justam fiduciam,

Liv. 27, 8, 7 et saep.—In the act. (rare, and with a fig. perh. borrowed from the wind): is demum vir erit, cujus animum nec prospera (fortuna) flatu suo efferet ( elates, inflates), nec adversa infringet, Liv. 45, 8 fin. —

Ante-class. and very rare, to carry out to the end, to support, endure: laborem, Att. ap. Cic. Sest. 48; cf.: malum patiendo, to get rid of, do away with, Cic. Poët. Tusc. 4, 29, 63 (but not in Lucr. 1, 141, where the better reading is sufferre).—Hence, ēlā-tus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B. 3. and II. C. 2.), exalted, lofty, high (rare; cf.: superbus, insolens, arrogans, etc.).

Lit.:

modo in elatiora modo in depressiora clivi,

Col. 2, 4, 10:

elatissimae lucernae,

Tert. Apol. 53.—

Trop.:

animus magnus elatusque,

Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 96:

verba,

high-sounding, id. Or. 36, 124;

hoc casu elatior Julianus,

Amm. 21, 4, 7; Vulg. Rom. 1, 30:

insula opibus,

Nep. Milt. 7, 2. — Adv.: ēlāte, loftily, proudly:

elate et ample loqui, opp. humiliter demisseque sentire,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 9:

dicere (opp. summisse),

id. Opt. Gen. 4, 10.— Comp.:

se gerere,

Nep. Paus. 2, 3:

elatius et arrogantius praefatur,

Gell. 9, 15, 4.

ef-fĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [ex-ferus], to make wild, savage, fierce (class.; most freq. since the Aug. per.).

Physically:

terram immanitate beluarum efferari,

Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 99:

speciem oris,

Liv. 2, 23; cf.

vultum,

Suet. Calig. 50:

efferantia sese ulcera,

becoming aggravated, malignant, Plin. 26, 14, 87, § 146.— Poet.:

Mars efferat aurum,

i. e. works up into weapons, Stat. Achill. 1, 425; cf.:

homo qui magnae artis subtilitate tantum efferavit argentum,

i. e. wrought into the figures of beasts, App. M. 5, p. 159, 14.—

Mentally:

gentes sic immanitate efferatae,

Cic. N. D. 1, 23; cf. id. Tusc. 4, 14, 32:

militem dux ipse efferavit,

Liv. 23, 5; cf. id. 2, 29:

animos,

id. 1, 19; 25, 26:

ingenia,

Curt. 8, 2; 9, 19:

efferavit ea caedes Thebanos omnes ad exsecrabile odium Romanorum,

exasperated, Liv. 33, 29; cf. Vulg. Dan. 8, 7.—Hence, effĕrātus, a, um, P. a., wild, savage, fierce:

sunt enim multa ecferata et immania, quaedam autem humanitatis quoque habent primam speciem,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 14, 32:

vultus,

Petr. 82, 1:

animi,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 5, 11.— Comp.:

mores ritusque,

Liv. 34, 24.— Sup.:

effectus,

Sen. Ep. 121, 4:

canes in homines,

Jul. Val. Rer. Gest. Alex. M. 3, 18.— Adv.: effĕrāte, fiercely:

saevire,

Lact. 5, 20, 10.

in-sĭnŭo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n.

Lit., to put, place, or thrust into the bosom (post-class.):

sicine vacuus et otiosus insinuatis manibus ambulabis,

with folded arms, App. M. 9, p. 219, 23:

manum in sinum,

Tert. Res. Carn. 28.—

To bring in by windings or turnings, to insinuate into; to cause a person or thing to get to a place by windings or turnings; and, in gen., to cause to arrive at or get to a place.

In gen.:

ratem terris,

to land, Avien. Arat. 312:

suum aestum per saepta domorum,

Lucr. 6, 860:

Romani quacumque data intervalla essent, insinuabant ordines suos,

pushed forward their files into the open spaces of the enemy, Liv. 44, 41.— Poet.:

et (tibi) omni tempore tam faciles insinuentur opes,

come to you, Prop. 3, 9 (4, 8), 28.—

Esp., with se, to wind one ' s way into, to steal into; to insinuate or ingratiate one ' s self:

se inter equitum turmas,

Caes. B. G. 4, 33:

quā te insinuaveris, retro via repetenda,

Liv. 9, 2, 8:

cum (Romanus) insinuasset se inter corpus armaque,

id. 7, 10, 10:

qua se inter valles flumen insinuat,

winds along, id. 32, 31, 1:

Tigris Persico mari se insinuat,

Curt. 5, 3.—

Trop., to make favorably known to, to introduce, recommend.

In gen.:

Augusto insinuatus est,

Suet. Gramm. 21; id. Calig. 10; id. Oth. 2:

hoc est quod penitus illos animo Caesaris insinuavit,

Plin. Pan. 62; cf.:

vitam moresque feris mentibus,

Aur. Vict. de Orig. Gent. 3, 3.—

Esp., reflex. with se, etc.

With ad or in and acc.:

his nos rebus insinuabimus ad causam,

will make our way to, get to, Auct. Her. 1, 6, 10:

se in antiquam philosophiam,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 34:

se ad aliquam,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 27:

se in familiaritatem alicujus,

Cic. Caecin. 5, 13:

se in amicitiam cum aliquo,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 94; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 68, § 157:

se in forum,

id. Phil. 5, 3, 8:

se in familiarem usum,

Liv. 40, 21, 11:

se in eorum sermonem,

Cic. Agr. 2, 5, 12.—

Absol.:

callidus ille ne se insinuet, studiose cavendum est,

Cic. Lael. 26, 99:

eadem qua te insinuaveris via retro repetenda est,

Liv. 9, 2, 8:

celeriter dato loco cum se insinuasset, Auct. B. Alex. 52, 2: praefecto regis se,

Just. 5, 2, 5:

plebi se,

Liv. 3, 15, 2.—

To introduce to, initiate into:

adest tibi dies, quo per istas meas manus piissimis sacrorum arcanis insinueris,

App. M. 11, p. 268.—

To make known, publish (post-class.):

voluntatem suam heredibus,

Dig. 32, 1, 11, § 2; Rutil. Nam. 1, 590.—

Neutr., to wind or steal into, to make one ' s way or get into, to penetrate, enter, reach, arrive at; constr. with in and acc. or dat.: inde in amicitiam insinuavit cum matre et mecum simul. Blanditiis, etc., Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 93:

penitus insinuare in causam,

to penetrate thoroughly into, to acquire a complete knowledge of, Cic. de Or. 2, 35, 149; cf.:

ad causam,

Auct. Her. 1, 6, 10:

in ipsius consuetudinem insinuabo,

Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 6:

novus per pectora cunctis Insinuat pavor,

Verg. A. 2, 229:

Italiaeque urbes dextram insinuantis in undam,

winding, reaching to, Manil. 4, 602: et blandiri suppliciter et subtiliter insinuare eis, a quibus, etc., i. e. to steal into favor with, etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 90.

mĕdĭus, a, um, adj. [Sanscr. madhya, the same; Gr. mesos; Angl. - Sax. midd; Germ. Mitte; cf. dimidius, meridies (medi-), etc.], that is in the middle or midst, mid, middle (class.).

Adj.

Lit.:

terra complexa medium mundi locum,

Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 18; cf. id. ib. 6, 17, 17:

medium mundi locum petere,

id. Tusc. 5, 24, 69:

versus aeque prima, et media, et extrema pars attenditur,

id. de Or. 3, 50, 192:

ultimum, proximum, medium tempus,

id. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:

in foro medio,

in the midst of the forum, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14; Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 6; cf.:

medio foro,

in the open forum, Suet. Claud. 18 al.:

in solio medius consedit,

sat in the middle, Ov. F. 3, 359; Verg. A. 7, 169:

considit scopulo medius,

id. G. 4, 436:

concilio medius sedebat,

Ov. M. 10, 144:

ignes,

Verg. A. 12, 201:

medio tempore,

in the meantime, meanwhile, Suet. Caes. 76: vinum novum, vetus, medium, i. e. neither old nor new, Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 31, 14:

cum plenus fluctu medius foret alveus,

full to the middle, Juv. 12, 30.—With dat.:

Peloponnesii Megaram, mediam Corintho Athenisque urbem, condidere,

midway between Corinth and Athens, Vell. 1, 2, 4.—With abl.:

si medius Polluce et Castore ponar,

between, Ov. Am. 2, 16, 13.—With inter:

cum inter bellum et pacem medium nihil sit,

there is no medium, no middle course between, Cic. Phil. 8, 1, 4:

inter quos numeros duo medii inveniuntur (sc. numeri),

Mart. Cap. 7, § 737.—With gen.:

locus medius regionum earum,

half-way between, Caes. B. G. 4, 19:

locus medius juguli summique lacerti,

between, Ov. M. 6, 409; 5, 564:

et medius juvenum ibat,

id. F. 5, 67:

medius silentūm,

Stat. Th. 4, 683.—With ex:

medius ex tribus,

Sall. J. 11, 3:

medium arripere aliquem,

to seize one by the middle, around the body, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 18:

juvenem medium complectitur,

Liv. 23, 9, 9:

Alcides medium tenuit,

held him fast by the middle, Luc. 4, 652:

medium ostendere unguem,

to point with the middle finger, Juv. 10, 53.—

Transf., half (ante- and postclass.):

hieme demunt cibum medium,

half their food, Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 9:

scrupulum croci,

Pall. Jan. 18: aurum... Italicis totum, medium provincialibus reddidit, Capitol. Anton. Pius, 4 fin. —

Trop., of the middle, not very great or small, middling, medial, moderate.

Of age:

aetatis mediae vir,

of middle age, Phaedr. 2, 2, 3.—

Of plans, purposes, etc.:

nihil medium, nec spem nec curam, sed immensa omnia volventes animo,

Liv. 2, 49, 5:

medium quiddam tenere,

Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 9.—

Of intellect:

eloquentiā medius,

middling, tolerable, Vell. 2, 29, 2:

ingenium,

moderate, Tac. H. 1, 49.—

Undetermined, undecided:

medios esse,

i. e. neutral, Cic. Att. 10, 8, 4:

medium se gerere,

Liv. 2, 27:

se dubium mediumque partibus praestitit,

Vell. 2, 21, 1; cf.:

responsum,

indefinite, ambiguous, Liv. 39, 39: vocabula, that can be taken in a good or bad sense, ambiguous, Gell. 12, 9, 1. —

Indifferent, not imperative: officium, a duty which is not distinctly enjoined by the moral law, but is sustained by preponderant reasoning:

medium officium id esse dicunt (Graeci) quod cur factum sit, ratio probabilis reddi possit,

Cic. Off. 1, 3, 8; cf.:

ex quo intellegitur, officium medium quiddam esse, quod neque in bonis ponatur neque in contrariis,

id. Fin. 3, 17, 58; cf.

sqq. and Madv. ad loc.: artes,

which in themselves are neither good nor bad, indifferent, Quint. 2, 20, 1.—

Intermediate:

medium erat in Anco ingenium, et Numae et Romuli memor,

of a middle kind, resembling each in some degree, Liv. 1, 32, 4:

nihil habet ista res (actoris) medium, sed aut lacrimas meretur aut risum,

Quint. 6, 1, 45:

ille jam paene medius adfectus est ex amoribus et desideriis amicorum,

Quint. 6, 2, 17.—Hence, as subst.: mĕdĭus, i, m., one who stands or comes between, a mediator:

medium sese offert,

as a mediator, Verg. A. 7, 536:

pacator mediusque Syphax,

Sil. 16, 222:

pacis eras mediusque belli,

arbiter, Hor. C. 2, 19, 28; cf.:

nunc mediis subeant irrita verba deis,

oaths in which the gods were called upon to be mediators, Ov. R. Am. 678.—

Central, with ex or in:

ex factione media consul,

fully committed to it, Sall. H. 3, 61, 8;

so (nearly = intimus), viros fortīs et magnanimos eosdem bonos et simplicīs... esse volumus: quae sunt ex media laude justititiae,

these qualities are clearly among those which make uprightness praiseworthy, Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63:

partitiones oratoriae, quae e media illa nostra Academia effloruerunt,

id. Part. Or. 40, 139:

ingressio e media philosophia repetita est,

id. Or. 3, 11; id. Leg. 2, 21, 53:

in medio maerore et dolore,

id. Tusc. 4, 29, 63; id. Q. Fr. 2, 15, 1:

in media dimicatione,

the hottest of the fight, Suet. Aug. 10; cf.:

in medio ardore certaminis,

Curt. 8, 4, 27:

in media solitudine,

the most profound, Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 2:

in mediis divitiis,

in abundant wealth, id. Vit. Beat. 26, 1:

in medio robore virium,

Liv. 28, 35, 6:

in medio ardore belli,

id. 24, 45, 4:

in media reipublicae luce,

the full blaze of public life, Quint. 1, 2, 18:

media inter pocula,

Juv. 8, 217.—Hence,

Subst.: mĕdĭum, ii, n., the middle, midst.

Lit.

Of space (very rare in Cic.):

in medio aedium sedens,

Liv. 1, 57, 9:

maris,

id. 31, 45, 11; for which, without in, medio aedium eburneis sellis sedere, id. 5, 41, 2:

medio viae ponere,

id. 37, 13, 10:

in agmine in primis modo, modo in postremis, saepe in medio adesse,

Sall. J. 45, 2; for which, without in, medio sextam legionem constituit, Tac. A. 13, 38:

medio montium porrigitur planities,

id. ib. 1, 64:

medio stans hostia ad aras,

Verg. G. 3, 486:

medio tutissimus ibis,

Ov. M. 2, 137:

in medium geminos immani pondere caestus Projecit,

Verg. A. 5, 401:

in medium sarcinas coniciunt,

Liv. 10, 36, 1; 13:

equitatus consulem in medium acceptum, armis protegens, in castra reduxit,

id. 21, 46, 9.— Trop.:

tamquam arbiter honorarius medium ferire voluisse,

to cut through the middle, Cic. Fat. 17, 39:

intacta invidiā media sunt, ad summa ferme tendit,

Liv. 45, 35.—

Of time:

diei,

Liv. 27, 48:

medio temporis,

in the meantime, meanwhile, Tac. A. 13, 28; cf.:

nec longum in medio tempus, cum,

the interval, Verg. A. 9, 395; Ov. M. 4, 167; Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 13.—

Transf.

The midst of all, the presence of all, the public, the community (class.):

in medio omnibus palma est posita, qui artem tractant musicam,

lies open to all, Ter. Phorm. prol. 16:

tabulae sunt in medio,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 104:

rem totam in medio ponere,

publicly, id. ib. 2, 1, 11, §

29: ponam in medio sententias philosophorum,

id. N. D. 1, 6, 13:

dicendi ratio in medio posita,

lies open to all, id. de Or. 1, 3, 12:

rem in medium proferre,

to publish, make known, id. Fam. 15, 27, 6: vocare in medium, before the public, before a public tribunal:

rem in medium vocare coeperunt,

id. Clu. 28, 77:

in medio relinquere,

to leave it to the public, leave it undecided, id. Cael. 20, 48; Sall. C. 19, 16: pellere e medio, to expel, reject, Enn. ap. Cic. Mur. 14, 30 (Ann. v. 272 Vahl.); Cic. Off. 3, 8, 37:

cum jacentia verba sustulimus e medio,

adopt words from the people, common words, id. de Or. 3, 45, 177; cf.: munda sed e medio consuetaque verba puellae Scribite, Ov. A. A. 3, 479: tollere de medio, to do away with, abolish:

litteras,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 71, § 176: tollere de medio, to put out of the way, cut off, destroy:

hominem,

id. Rosc. Am. 7, 20:

de medio removere,

to put out of sight, id. ib. 8, 23: e medio excedere or abire, to leave the world, to die:

e medio excessit,

she is dead, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 74:

ea mortem obiit, e medio abiit,

id. ib. 5, 8, 30:

tollite lumen e medio,

Juv. 9, 106: recedere de medio, to go away, retire, withdraw:

cur te mihi offers? recede de medio,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 112:

in medio esse,

to be present, Ter. Ad. 3, 5, 32:

in medium venire or procedere,

to appear, come forward, show one's self in public, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 71, § 175: in medium, before the public, for the public, for the community:

communes utilitates in medium afferre,

id. Off. 1, 7, 22:

consulere in medium,

to care for the public good, for the good of all, Verg. A. 11, 335;

so opp. separantem suas res a publicis,

Liv. 24, 22, 14 sq.; 26, 12, 7:

quaerere,

to make acquisitions for the use of all, Verg. G. 1, 127: cedere, to fall or devolve to the community, Tac. H. 4, 64:

conferre laudem,

i. e. so that all may have a share of it, Liv. 6, 6:

dare,

to communicate for the use of all, Ov. M. 15, 66:

in medium conferre, in gaming,

to put down, put in the pool, Suet. Aug. 71: in medio, for sub dio, in the open air:

scorpios fugari posse, si aliqui ex eis urantur in medio,

Pall. 1, 35, 12.—

A half (ante-class. and post-Aug.):

scillae medium conterunt cum aqua,

Varr. R. R. 2, 7:

scrobem ad medium completo,

Col. Arb. 4, 5.—Hence,

Adv.: mĕdĭē, in the middle, in a middling degree, moderately, tolerably (except once in Tac. only post-class.):

qui noluerant medie,

kept quiet, remained neutral, Tac. H. 1, 19:

nec plane optimi, nec oppido deterrimi sunt, sed quasi medie morati,

App. Dogm. Plat. 2, p. 22, 23; Eutr. 7, 13; Lact. 6, 15 fin.:

ortus medie humilis,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 20.—

Indefinitely, Ambros. in Luc. 8, 17, 34.

prō-fĕro, tŭli, lātum, ferre ( inf. pass. parag. proferrier, Lucr. 1, 207;

proferis for profers,

Firm. Mat. 22, 3), v. a.

Lit.

To carry or bring out, to bring forth (class.; cf.: prodo, produco, adduco): Al. Vin' proferri pateram? Am. Proferri volo. Al. Fiat:

tu, Thessala, intus pateram proferto foras,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 137:

arma tormentaque ex oppido,

Caes. B. C. 2, 22:

(nummos) ex arcā,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 11, 29.—

To extend, stretch, or thrust out:

linguam in tussiendo,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 50:

manum,

id. Ps. 3, 2, 72:

digitum,

Cic. Caecin. 25, 71.—

Se proferre, to raise one's self, show one's self, appear (post-Aug.):

draco e pulvino se proferens,

Suet. Ner. 6.—

To offer, proffer:

alicui minas viginti argenti,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 60.—Esp.,

Proferre gradum or pedem, to go on, proceed:

gradum proferam, progredi properabo,

Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 2: gradum pedum proferre, Enn ap Fest. p. 249:

passus, Lucr 4, 874: longe pedem,

Quint. 11, 3, 160; cf.: pedem, Hor A. P 135. —

As milit. t. t.: signa proferre, to advance the standards, march on, Liv 4, 32, 10; so,

proferre inde castra,

id. 10, 33, 7:

quidquid ab urbe longius proferrent arma,

id. 7, 32, 6.—Also,

Nautical t t.:

pedibus profatis in contrarium navigare,

to sail close to the wind, Plin. 2, 47, 48; cf.:

prolato pede transversos captare notos,

Sen. Med. 321.—

Transf.

To bring forth, produce, cause to grow, of plants (postAug.):

caelum laurum patitur, atque etiam nitidissimam profert,

Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 4:

semen,

Plin. 17, 13, 20, § 95 (al. perfert). —

Of pronunciation, to utter, pronounce (post-Aug.):

extremas syllabas,

Quint. 11, 3, 33.—

To extend, enlarge (class.):

castra, Caes, B. C. 1, 81: et proferre libet fines,

Juv. 14, 142:

pomoerium,

Gell. 13, 14, 2.—

To put off, defer, adjourn, etc. (class.): rem aliquot dies, Cat. ap. Gell. 7, 3, 14:

auctionis diem laxius proferre,

Cic. Att. 13, 14, 1:

aliquid in diem posterum,

Gell. 1, 23, 5; cf. Liv. 3, 20, 6.—

Of a painter, to bring out, to represent distinctly (post-Aug.);

venas protulit,

Plin. 35, 8, 34, § 56.—

Trop.

With se, to raise, elevate one's self (post-Aug.):

qui se ipsi protulerunt,

who have raised themselves from ignorance, Sen. Ep. 52, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 1.—

To bring out, make known, produce in public, publish (class.):

ejus (orationis) proferendae arbitrium tuum,

Cic. Att. 15, 13, 1:

artem,

to exhibit publicly, Suet. Ner 25 —

To bring forth, produce, invent, discover, make known, reveal (class.):

artem,

Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2:

palam proferre aliquid, Ter Ad. 3, 2, 41: cum illa indicia communis exitii indagavi, patefeci, protuli,

Cic. Mil. 37, 102:

aliquid foras,

id. Cael. 23, 57:

rem in medium,

id. Fam. 15, 2, 6:

secreta animi,

Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 141:

Montanum, quia protulerit ingenium, extorrem agi,

displayed his genius, Tac. A. 16, 29 fin. —

To bring forward, quote, cite, mention (class.);

libros,

Cic. N. D. 1, 40, 113:

testes, legatos,

id. Balb. 18, 41:

auctores,

id. de Or 2, 71, 290:

nominatim multos,

id. Rosc. Am 16, 47;

paucos belli duces praestantissimos,

id. de Or 1, 2, 7:

vinolentiam alicujus,

id. Phil. 2, 39, 101:

vim, potentiam, factiones, divitias, clientelas, affinitates adversariorum,

Auct. Her. 1, 5, 8:

aliquid in medium,

Cic. Verr 2, 4, 52, § 115; id. Fin. 2, 23, 76; Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 41:

memoriter Progeniem suam usque ab avo atque atavo, Ter Phorm. 2, 3, 48: exempla omnium nota,

Cic. Div 1, 46, 103.—

To extend, enlarge:

fines officiorum,

Cic. Mur. 31, 65:

memoriam alicujus,

to prolong, Plin. Ep. 5, 12, 2:

ut vita ejus debuerit inmortalitate proferri,

id. ib. 2, 7, 4; 3, 7, 14.—

To impel:

si paulo longius pietas Caecilium protulisset,

Cic. Sull. 23, 64.—With se:

cum se ad clarissimorum civium strages caedesque proferret,

Plin. Pan. 48.—

To lengthen out, prolong (class.):

beatam vitam usque ad rogum proferre,

Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 76:

ut depositi proferret fata parentis,

Verg. A. 12, 395.

con-dīco, xi, ctum, 3, v. a.

To talk a thing over together, to agree upon, to concert, to promise (most freq. as publicists' t. t.): condixit pater patratus populi Romani Quiritium patri patrato priscorum Latinorum, etc., old form ap. Liv. 1, 32, 11: status condictusve dies cum hoste, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 4, 4; Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 5; cf.:

quoniam pactum atque condictum cum rege populi Romani perfide ruperat,

Gell. 20, 1, 54:

sic constituunt, sic condicunt,

Tac. G. 11:

inducias,

Just. 3, 7, 14:

tempus et locum coëundi,

id. 15, 2, 16:

ruptā quiete condictā,

the truce, Amm. 20, 1, 1:

in diem tertium,

Gell. 10, 24, 9:

in vendendo fundo quaedam etiam si non condicantur praestanda sunt,

Dig. 18, 1, 66.—

Trop.: cum hanc operam (scribendi) condicerem, obligated myself to it, i. e. undertook it, Plin. praef. § 6 Jan.—Hence,

Esp.

To proclaim, announce, publish: condicere est dicendo denuntiare, Paul. ex Fest. p. 64, 16 Müll.; cf.:

sacerdotes populi Romani cum condicunt in diem tertium, diem perendini dicunt,

Gell. 10, 24, 9.—

Condicere alicui ad cenam or cenam, to engage one's self as guest at an entertainment:

ad cenam aliquo condicam foras,

Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 16; id. Stich. 3, 1, 38:

seni cenam eā lege condixit,

Suet. Tib. 42; cf.:

velut ad subitam condictamque cenulam invitare,

i. e. without previous preparation, id. Claud. 21.— Absol.:

nam cum mihi condixisset, cenavit apud me in mei generi hortis,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 20:

ad balneas,

Tert. adv. Uxor. 2, 4.—

In the jurists: condicere aliquid alicui, lit., to give notice that something should be returned; hence, to demand back, make a formal claim of restitution (from any one):

rem,

Dig. 39, 6, 13:

pecuniam alicui,

ib. 12, 1, 11; or for satisfaction: quia extinctae res, licet vindicari non possunt, condici tamen furibus et quibusdam aliis possessoribus possunt, Gai Inst. 2, 79; cf. id. 4, 5, and v. condictio and condicticius.—

In late Lat., to assent or agree unanimously, = consentire, Tert. Anim. 8; id. adv. Marc. 2, 2; id. Coron. 11.

ex-pōno, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3 (ante-class. perf. exposivit, Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 27;

sync. expostus,

Verg. A. 10, 694; Stat. Th. 7, 197), v. a., to put or set out, to set forth, expose (class.; most freq. in the trop. signif.; cf.: expedio, explano, explico).

Lit.

In gen.:

stravit pelliculis haedinis lectulos et exposuit vasa Samia,

set out, Cic. Mur. 36, 75:

vasa,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 35:

apparatum in porticibus,

Suet. Caes. 10; cf.:

aliquid in publico,

Plin. 35, 7, 33, § 52; cf. id. 15, 5, 6, § 21:

herbam in sole,

Col. 12, 28, 1:

aliquem ictu,

to put out, turn out, Plaut. Truc. 3, 1, 14:

cubito,

id. Cas. 4, 4, 27.—

In partic.

Of children, to expose:

puellam ad necem,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 18; id. Cas. prol. 41; Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 37; Cic. Rep. 2, 2; Liv. 1, 4, 5; cf. id. 1, 6, 3:

ad januam matris,

Suet. Claud. 27 al. —

Naut. t. t.

To set on shore, to land, disembark:

milites ex navibus,

Caes. B. G. 4, 37, 1;

for which: socios de puppibus,

Verg. A. 10, 288:

milites in terram,

Caes. B. C. 3, 23, 2:

expositis omnibus copiis,

id. ib. 3, 29, 2; 1, 31 fin.; Liv. 24, 40, 9:

ibi in terram,

id. 34, 8, 7; Front. Strat. 2, 5, 44; cf.:

in litora,

Liv. 37, 28, 8:

aegra mancipia in insulam,

Suet. Claud. 25; but also with abl.:

in Africa,

Liv. 28, 44, 10 Drak. N. cr.:

in terra,

Vell. 2, 79, 4:

in litore,

Suet. Caes. 4; Just. 22, 5; Liv. 2, 22, 3; 26, 17, 2; Sen. Ep. 53, 2:

in portu,

Just. 18, 1, 3:

ibi Themistoclem,

Nep. Them. 8, 7:

ad eum locum milites,

Caes. B. C. 3, 6, 3:

quibus regionibus exercitum exposuisset,

id. ib. 3, 29 fin.:

expositum peregrinis arenis os,

Ov. M. 11, 56:

quartā vix demum exponimur horā,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 23: advexi frumentum;

exposui, vendo meum, etc.,

have unloaded, unpacked, opened, Cic. Off. 3, 12, 51:

merces,

Dig. 14, 2, 10.—

To throw on the ground, throw down:

paene exposivit cubito,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 34.—

To throw overboard:

si propter necessitatem adversae tempestatis expositum onus fuerit,

Dig. 39, 4, 16, § 8.—

Mercant. t. t.: pecuniam, to offer a sum to one, place at one's disposal, to be ready to pay:

de Oppio bene curasti, quod ei DCCC. exposuisti,

Cic. Att. 5, 4, 3 (for which, aperuisti, id. ib. 5, 1, 2).—

Pregn., to leave exposed or unprotected, to expose, lay open (not ante-Aug.):

ad ictus,

Liv. 9, 35, 6; Curt. 8, 14, 31:

ille ad omnes ictus expositus,

id. 9, 5, 9:

ne inermes provinciae barbaris nationibus exponerentur,

Tac. H. 3, 5:

exercitum hosti,

Flor. 3, 11; Plin. 11, 19, 21, § 67:

ceteris animalibus imbecillitatem hominum,

Lact. 3, 23, 10; id. Epit. 9, 1; Val. Max. 7, 1, ext. 2:

piscibus beluisque,

Petr. 115:

exposito solibus loco,

Plin. 15, 5, 6, § 21.— Pass. absol.: (iracundi) simplices videntur, quia expositi sunt, Sen. de Ira, 2, 16, 3.

Trop.

In gen.:

totam causam, judices, explicemus atque ante oculos expositam consideremus,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 12, 34; cf.:

vitam alterius in oculis conspectuque omnium exponere,

id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 27:

disciplina puerilis publice exposita,

id. Rep. 4, 3:

orationem,

to publish, id. de Or. 1, 53, 227; cf.:

capita exposita nec explicata,

id. Brut. 44, 164:

erant huic studio maxima exposita praemia,

id. de Or. 1, 4, 15:

praemium,

to set forth, propose, id. Quint. 23, 74: vitam suam exponere ad imitandum juventuti, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 104, 3:

factum expositum ad imitandum,

id. Phil. 2, 44, 114:

exposita ad exemplum nostra re publica,

id. Rep. 1, 46:

opprobrio ad omnium convicia exposito,

Suet. Caes. 49:

expositum ad invidiam nomen,

Tac. H. 2, 53:

nomen Dei,

to prostitute, dishonor, Lact. 1, 7.—

In partic., of speech, to set forth, exhibit, relate, explain, expound; constr. with acc. and inf., or a rel. clause as object, or with de:

coepit rationem hujus operis scientissime Gallus exponere,

Cic. Rep. 1, 14:

talis coetus, qualem exposui,

id. ib. 1, 26:

quae adhuc exposui,

id. ib. 2, 23:

obscura dilucide,

id. Fin. 4, 1, 1:

rem pluribus verbis,

id. ib. 3, 4, 15:

rem breviter,

id. Cat. 3, 1, 3:

mandata in senatu,

id. de Or. 2, 12, 49:

narrationem,

id. Or. 62, 210:

sententias ejus disputationis hoc libro,

id. Lael. 1, 3:

artes rhetoricas,

id. de Or. 3, 20, 75:

disputationem alicui,

id. Rep. 1, 8:

sermonem de amicitia alicui,

id. Lael. 1, 3:

eadem multitudini,

Caes. B. G. 7, 38, 4:

expone igitur primum animos remanere post mortem, tum docebis, etc.,

explain, Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:

apud eosdem (censores), qui magistratu abierint, edant et exponant, quid in magistratu gesserint,

id. Leg. 3, 20, 47:

ex memoria alicui quid senatus censuerit,

id. Cat. 3, 6, 13:

ab initio, res quemadmodum gesta sit,

id. Rosc. Am. 5, 14; id. Rep. 1, 26; cf.:

hoc de quo modo exposuit Antonius,

id. de Or. 1, 22, 102; id. Fam. 1, 9, 10:

expone nunc de reprehendendo,

id. Part. Or. 12, 44.—In abl. neutr. absol.:

Caesar contione advocata... exposito, quid iniquitas loci posset, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 52, 2 Oud.; so,

exposito quod nuntiatum erat,

Curt. 4, 13:

quasi gesta bello expositurus,

Tac. A. 15, 72: summum bonum exposuit vacuitatem doloris, i. q. definivit, be defined, Cic. Fin. 5, 5, 14 Madv.; cf. ib. 5, 8, 22; and, expositio, ib. § 21.—Hence, expŏsĭtus, a, um, P. a., qs. publicly set out; hence, open, free, accessible.

Lit.:

limen,

Stat. S. 1, 2, 24:

census,

open to all, id. ib. 2, 2, 152:

numen (with nulli negatum),

Luc. 5, 103; cf.:

(homo) obvius et expositus,

Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 2.—As subst.: ex-pŏsĭta, ōrum, n., the open parts, those exposed to view:

frontem ejus tantum novi et exposita, quae ostendit etiam transeuntibus,

Sen. Ep. 55, 6.—

Trop.

Accessible, affable:

mores,

Stat. S. 5, 3, 246.—

Of authors, intelligible, lucid:

optimos quidem, sed tamen eorum candidissimum quemque et maxime expositum velim,

Quint. 2, 5, 19.—

In a bad sense, common, vulgar:

qui nihil expositum soleat deducere, etc.,

Juv. 7, 54.— Adv.: expŏ-sĭte, plainly, clearly:

non exposite et aperte ostendere, sed reconditā significatione,

Gell. 3, 2, 14.

ex-pōno, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3 (ante-class. perf. exposivit, Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 27;

sync. expostus,

Verg. A. 10, 694; Stat. Th. 7, 197), v. a., to put or set out, to set forth, expose (class.; most freq. in the trop. signif.; cf.: expedio, explano, explico).

Lit.

In gen.:

stravit pelliculis haedinis lectulos et exposuit vasa Samia,

set out, Cic. Mur. 36, 75:

vasa,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 35:

apparatum in porticibus,

Suet. Caes. 10; cf.:

aliquid in publico,

Plin. 35, 7, 33, § 52; cf. id. 15, 5, 6, § 21:

herbam in sole,

Col. 12, 28, 1:

aliquem ictu,

to put out, turn out, Plaut. Truc. 3, 1, 14:

cubito,

id. Cas. 4, 4, 27.—

In partic.

Of children, to expose:

puellam ad necem,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 18; id. Cas. prol. 41; Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 37; Cic. Rep. 2, 2; Liv. 1, 4, 5; cf. id. 1, 6, 3:

ad januam matris,

Suet. Claud. 27 al. —

Naut. t. t.

To set on shore, to land, disembark:

milites ex navibus,

Caes. B. G. 4, 37, 1;

for which: socios de puppibus,

Verg. A. 10, 288:

milites in terram,

Caes. B. C. 3, 23, 2:

expositis omnibus copiis,

id. ib. 3, 29, 2; 1, 31 fin.; Liv. 24, 40, 9:

ibi in terram,

id. 34, 8, 7; Front. Strat. 2, 5, 44; cf.:

in litora,

Liv. 37, 28, 8:

aegra mancipia in insulam,

Suet. Claud. 25; but also with abl.:

in Africa,

Liv. 28, 44, 10 Drak. N. cr.:

in terra,

Vell. 2, 79, 4:

in litore,

Suet. Caes. 4; Just. 22, 5; Liv. 2, 22, 3; 26, 17, 2; Sen. Ep. 53, 2:

in portu,

Just. 18, 1, 3:

ibi Themistoclem,

Nep. Them. 8, 7:

ad eum locum milites,

Caes. B. C. 3, 6, 3:

quibus regionibus exercitum exposuisset,

id. ib. 3, 29 fin.:

expositum peregrinis arenis os,

Ov. M. 11, 56:

quartā vix demum exponimur horā,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 23: advexi frumentum;

exposui, vendo meum, etc.,

have unloaded, unpacked, opened, Cic. Off. 3, 12, 51:

merces,

Dig. 14, 2, 10.—

To throw on the ground, throw down:

paene exposivit cubito,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 34.—

To throw overboard:

si propter necessitatem adversae tempestatis expositum onus fuerit,

Dig. 39, 4, 16, § 8.—

Mercant. t. t.: pecuniam, to offer a sum to one, place at one's disposal, to be ready to pay:

de Oppio bene curasti, quod ei DCCC. exposuisti,

Cic. Att. 5, 4, 3 (for which, aperuisti, id. ib. 5, 1, 2).—

Pregn., to leave exposed or unprotected, to expose, lay open (not ante-Aug.):

ad ictus,

Liv. 9, 35, 6; Curt. 8, 14, 31:

ille ad omnes ictus expositus,

id. 9, 5, 9:

ne inermes provinciae barbaris nationibus exponerentur,

Tac. H. 3, 5:

exercitum hosti,

Flor. 3, 11; Plin. 11, 19, 21, § 67:

ceteris animalibus imbecillitatem hominum,

Lact. 3, 23, 10; id. Epit. 9, 1; Val. Max. 7, 1, ext. 2:

piscibus beluisque,

Petr. 115:

exposito solibus loco,

Plin. 15, 5, 6, § 21.— Pass. absol.: (iracundi) simplices videntur, quia expositi sunt, Sen. de Ira, 2, 16, 3.

Trop.

In gen.:

totam causam, judices, explicemus atque ante oculos expositam consideremus,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 12, 34; cf.:

vitam alterius in oculis conspectuque omnium exponere,

id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 27:

disciplina puerilis publice exposita,

id. Rep. 4, 3:

orationem,

to publish, id. de Or. 1, 53, 227; cf.:

capita exposita nec explicata,

id. Brut. 44, 164:

erant huic studio maxima exposita praemia,

id. de Or. 1, 4, 15:

praemium,

to set forth, propose, id. Quint. 23, 74: vitam suam exponere ad imitandum juventuti, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 104, 3:

factum expositum ad imitandum,

id. Phil. 2, 44, 114:

exposita ad exemplum nostra re publica,

id. Rep. 1, 46:

opprobrio ad omnium convicia exposito,

Suet. Caes. 49:

expositum ad invidiam nomen,

Tac. H. 2, 53:

nomen Dei,

to prostitute, dishonor, Lact. 1, 7.—

In partic., of speech, to set forth, exhibit, relate, explain, expound; constr. with acc. and inf., or a rel. clause as object, or with de:

coepit rationem hujus operis scientissime Gallus exponere,

Cic. Rep. 1, 14:

talis coetus, qualem exposui,

id. ib. 1, 26:

quae adhuc exposui,

id. ib. 2, 23:

obscura dilucide,

id. Fin. 4, 1, 1:

rem pluribus verbis,

id. ib. 3, 4, 15:

rem breviter,

id. Cat. 3, 1, 3:

mandata in senatu,

id. de Or. 2, 12, 49:

narrationem,

id. Or. 62, 210:

sententias ejus disputationis hoc libro,

id. Lael. 1, 3:

artes rhetoricas,

id. de Or. 3, 20, 75:

disputationem alicui,

id. Rep. 1, 8:

sermonem de amicitia alicui,

id. Lael. 1, 3:

eadem multitudini,

Caes. B. G. 7, 38, 4:

expone igitur primum animos remanere post mortem, tum docebis, etc.,

explain, Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:

apud eosdem (censores), qui magistratu abierint, edant et exponant, quid in magistratu gesserint,

id. Leg. 3, 20, 47:

ex memoria alicui quid senatus censuerit,

id. Cat. 3, 6, 13:

ab initio, res quemadmodum gesta sit,

id. Rosc. Am. 5, 14; id. Rep. 1, 26; cf.:

hoc de quo modo exposuit Antonius,

id. de Or. 1, 22, 102; id. Fam. 1, 9, 10:

expone nunc de reprehendendo,

id. Part. Or. 12, 44.—In abl. neutr. absol.:

Caesar contione advocata... exposito, quid iniquitas loci posset, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 52, 2 Oud.; so,

exposito quod nuntiatum erat,

Curt. 4, 13:

quasi gesta bello expositurus,

Tac. A. 15, 72: summum bonum exposuit vacuitatem doloris, i. q. definivit, be defined, Cic. Fin. 5, 5, 14 Madv.; cf. ib. 5, 8, 22; and, expositio, ib. § 21.—Hence, expŏsĭtus, a, um, P. a., qs. publicly set out; hence, open, free, accessible.

Lit.:

limen,

Stat. S. 1, 2, 24:

census,

open to all, id. ib. 2, 2, 152:

numen (with nulli negatum),

Luc. 5, 103; cf.:

(homo) obvius et expositus,

Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 2.—As subst.: ex-pŏsĭta, ōrum, n., the open parts, those exposed to view:

frontem ejus tantum novi et exposita, quae ostendit etiam transeuntibus,

Sen. Ep. 55, 6.—

Trop.

Accessible, affable:

mores,

Stat. S. 5, 3, 246.—

Of authors, intelligible, lucid:

optimos quidem, sed tamen eorum candidissimum quemque et maxime expositum velim,

Quint. 2, 5, 19.—

In a bad sense, common, vulgar:

qui nihil expositum soleat deducere, etc.,

Juv. 7, 54.— Adv.: expŏ-sĭte, plainly, clearly:

non exposite et aperte ostendere, sed reconditā significatione,

Gell. 3, 2, 14.

in-dĭco, āvi, ātum, āre, v. a. (indicasso, is, for indicavero, is, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 66; id. Rud. 4, 3, 89), to point out, indicate (class.).

In gen., to show, declare, disclose, make known, reveal, betray.

Of persons:

rem omnem dominae indicavit,

Cic. Clu. 64, 180:

Catilina non se purgavit, sed indicavit,

id. Mur. 25, 51:

conscios delendae tyrannidis,

id. Tusc. 2, 22, 52: jam me vobis indicabo, will betray or accuse myself, id. Arch. 11, 28:

indicabo meum consilium tibi,

id. Fam. 10, 21, 2:

rem patri,

Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 19:

causam publicae pestis,

Liv. 8, 18, 4:

de conjuratione,

to give information, inform, Sall. C. 48, 4:

quis tibi de epistulis istis indicavit,

Cic. Fl. 37, 92; Sall. C. 30, 6:

aliquid in vulgus,

to make publicly known, Cic. Univ. 2:

satis est actori sic indicare,

Quint. 4, 2, 7.—With rel. clause:

contentus indicare quid facti sit,

Quint. 4, 2, 128.—With acc. and inf.:

digitis ita figuratis ut temporis et aevi (Janum) esse deum indicent,

Plin. 34, 7, 16, § 33.—

Of things concr. and abstr.:

vultus indicat mores,

shows, indicates, Cic. Leg. 1, 9; id. Brut. 94, 324:

lacrimis dolorem,

Nep. Att. 4 fin.:

hoc res ipsa indicat,

Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 16:

id esse verum parva haec fabella indicat,

Phaedr. 1, 15, 3:

supercilia maxime indicant factum,

Plin. 11, 37, 51, § 138:

ut epularum sollemnium fides ac tibiae... indicant,

Cic. de Or. 3, 51, 197. — Pass.:

aetas veterinorum indicatur dentibus,

Plin. 11, 37, 64, § 168:

cum res non gesta indicatur, sed ut sit gesta ostenditur,

Quint. 9, 2, 40. —

In partic.

To intimate, give a hint of, to state briefly, mention:

indicare convenit, quae prodit Onesicritus,

Plin. 6, 23, 26, § 96:

aliquid obiter,

id. 33, 1, 5, § 15:

nominatim,

id. 15, 14, 15, § 49:

ut indicavimus,

id. 36, 15, 24, § 115.—

To set or tell the price of a thing, to value, put a price on: hanc eme. Do. Modo ut sciam, quanti indicet, etc., Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 25:

indica, fac pretium,

id. ib. 37:

cum postulasset, ut sibi fundus semel indicaretur,

Cic. Off. 3, 15, 62. —

In jurid. Lat., to carry on a judicial process to conviction:

Indicasse est detulisse, arguisse, accusasse et convicisse,

Dig. 50, 16, 197.

in-dīco, xi, ctum, 3 ( imp. indice, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 132:

indixti for indixisti,

Front. de Cels. Ep. 3), v. a. [in-dico], to declare publicly, to proclaim, publish, announce, to appoint (class.):

totius Galliae concilium Bibracte indicitur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 63; Liv. 1, 50, 4:

forum,

Verg. A. 5, 758: Romae [p. 934] dierum viginti supplicatio indicitur, Caes. B. G. 7, 90:

exercitum in aliquem locum,

to order it to, Liv. 6, 12; cf.

of time: comitia in trinum nundinum,

id. 3, 35, 1:

bellum populo Romano suo nomine indixit,

Cic. Cat. 2, 6, 14; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 61 Müll.:

dies indicta pugnae,

Liv. 10, 27, 3:

justitium,

Cic. Phil. 5, 12, 31: familiaribus cenas, to invite one ' s self as their guest, Suet. Ner. 27:

iter alicui,

Verg. A. 7, 468:

funus,

to invite to a funeral, Varr. L. L. 6, § 61 Müll.; Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61; Suet. Caes. 84:

simul divom templis indicit honorem,

a thanksgiving, Verg. A. 1, 632; 3, 264; Sil. 7, 90.—With ut:

in diem certam ut ad lucum Ferentinae conveniant indicit,

Liv. 1, 50, 1. —

Trop.:

qui ipsi sibi bellum indixissent,

are their own enemies, Cic. Fin. 5, 10, 29:

philosophiae bellum indicere,

id. de Or. 2, 37, 55.—

Esp.

To appoint a place of gathering, fix, name a destination or rendezvous:

exercitu indicto ad portam Esquilinam in posteram diem,

Liv. 6, 22, 8:

exercitus omnis Aquiloniam est indictus,

id. 10, 38, 4:

exercitus Pisas indictus erat,

id. 40, 41, 7:

clam exercitu indicto,

id. 41, 14, 2.—

To impose, enjoin, inflict:

multam,

to impose a penalty, Plin. 18, 3, 3, § 11:

tributum,

Liv. 4, 60; cf.:

servorum numerum et pondus argenti senatoribus,

Tac. H. 3, 58:

populo famem indixit,

Suet. Cal. 26 fin.:

sibimet ipse exsilium indixit,

Liv. 39, 52, 9; cf.: sibi patientiam, to enjoin upon one ' s self, Sen. Ep. 123, 5:

iter ad regem Latinum Indicit primis juvenum,

Verg. A. 7, 468:

certum dominis servorum numerum,

Suet. Ner. 44; id. Aug. 25:

libertus, cui patronus operas indicere vellet,

to prescribe, Gai. Inst. 4, 162.

pervulgo or - volgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to communicate to the people, to make publicly known, to publish, spread abroad (class.; cf. publico).

Lit.

In gen., Lucr. 5, 1162:

de re illustri et facile etiam in vulgus pervulgatā,

Cic. Fin. 2, 5, 15:

in re tam clarā, tam testatā, tam abs te ipso pervulgatā,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 104:

illas tabulas pervulgari atque edi populo Romano imperavi,

id. Sull. 15, 42:

praemia virtutis in mediocribus hominibus pervulgari,

id. Inv. 2, 39, 114; Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 11, 44.—

In partic., to make one's self common, to prostitute one's self:

mulier, quae se omnibus pervulgaret,

Cic. Cael. 16, 38.—

Transf., to visit often, to frequent, haunt a place ( poet.): litus pervolgans feror, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 88 Müll. (Trag. Rel. p. 108 Rib.):

solis pervolgant fulgura caelum,

Lucr. 2, 164:

quae pervolgant nemora avia pervolitantes,

id. 2, 346; 4, 208. —Hence, pervulgātus ( pervolg-), a, um, P. a.

Very usual, very common, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 149:

at hoc pervolgatum est nimis,

id. Ps. 1, 2, 121:

consolatio pervulgata,

Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 2:

notius pervulgatiusque,

Gell. 7, 17, 8:

pervulgatissima verborum dignitas,

Auct. Her. 4, 8, 11.—

Well known:

maledicta pervulgata in omnes,

Cic. Cael. 3, 6:

humanitas,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 14, 9.— Adv.: pervulgātē, after the manner of the people, as the vulgar do:

pervulgate magis quam inscite locutus es,

Gell. 18, 10, 6; 16, 7, 12.

pervulgo or - volgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to communicate to the people, to make publicly known, to publish, spread abroad (class.; cf. publico).

Lit.

In gen., Lucr. 5, 1162:

de re illustri et facile etiam in vulgus pervulgatā,

Cic. Fin. 2, 5, 15:

in re tam clarā, tam testatā, tam abs te ipso pervulgatā,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 104:

illas tabulas pervulgari atque edi populo Romano imperavi,

id. Sull. 15, 42:

praemia virtutis in mediocribus hominibus pervulgari,

id. Inv. 2, 39, 114; Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 11, 44.—

In partic., to make one's self common, to prostitute one's self:

mulier, quae se omnibus pervulgaret,

Cic. Cael. 16, 38.—

Transf., to visit often, to frequent, haunt a place ( poet.): litus pervolgans feror, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 88 Müll. (Trag. Rel. p. 108 Rib.):

solis pervolgant fulgura caelum,

Lucr. 2, 164:

quae pervolgant nemora avia pervolitantes,

id. 2, 346; 4, 208. —Hence, pervulgātus ( pervolg-), a, um, P. a.

Very usual, very common, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 149:

at hoc pervolgatum est nimis,

id. Ps. 1, 2, 121:

consolatio pervulgata,

Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 2:

notius pervulgatiusque,

Gell. 7, 17, 8:

pervulgatissima verborum dignitas,

Auct. Her. 4, 8, 11.—

Well known:

maledicta pervulgata in omnes,

Cic. Cael. 3, 6:

humanitas,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 14, 9.— Adv.: pervulgātē, after the manner of the people, as the vulgar do:

pervulgate magis quam inscite locutus es,

Gell. 18, 10, 6; 16, 7, 12.